Relationship Between Response Latency and Amplitude for Ganglion and Geniculate X- and Y-Cells in the Cat

1991 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Sestokas ◽  
S. Lehmkuhle ◽  
K. E. Kratz
Keyword(s):  
Response Latency ◽  
X And Y Cells ◽  
Y Cells

Retina X- and Y-cells in monocularly lid-sutured cats: normality of spatial and temporal properties

1979 ◽  
Vol 172 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth E. Kratz ◽  
Stuart C. Mangel ◽  
Stephen Lehmkuhle ◽  
S. Murray Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Properties ◽  
X And Y Cells ◽  
Y Cells

scholarly journals Spatial receptive field properties of rat retinal ganglion cells

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 403-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
WALTER F. HEINE ◽  
CHRISTOPHER L. PASSAGLIA
Keyword(s):  
Receptive Field ◽  
Ganglion Cell ◽  
Retinal Ganglion Cells ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
X And Y Cells ◽  
Y Cells

AbstractThe rat is a popular animal model for vision research, yet there is little quantitative information about the physiological properties of the cells that provide its brain with visual input, the retinal ganglion cells. It is not clear whether rats even possess the full complement of ganglion cell types found in other mammals. Since such information is important for evaluating rodent models of visual disease and elucidating the function of homologous and heterologous cells in different animals, we recorded from rat ganglion cells in vivo and systematically measured their spatial receptive field (RF) properties using spot, annulus, and grating patterns. Most of the recorded cells bore likeness to cat X and Y cells, exhibiting brisk responses, center-surround RFs, and linear or nonlinear spatial summation. The others resembled various types of mammalian W cell, including local-edge-detector cells, suppressed-by-contrast cells, and an unusual type with an ON–OFF surround. They generally exhibited sluggish responses, larger RFs, and lower responsiveness. The peak responsivity of brisk-nonlinear (Y-type) cells was around twice that of brisk-linear (X-type) cells and several fold that of sluggish cells. The RF size of brisk-linear and brisk-nonlinear cells was indistinguishable, with average center and surround diameters of 5.6 ± 1.3 and 26.4 ± 11.3 deg, respectively. In contrast, the center diameter of recorded sluggish cells averaged 12.8 ± 7.9 deg. The homogeneous RF size of rat brisk cells is unlike that of cat X and Y cells, and its implication regarding the putative roles of these two ganglion cell types in visual signaling is discussed.

Structure of physiologically identified X and Y cells in the cat's lateral geniculate nucleus

Science ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 204 (4397) ◽  
pp. 1114-1117 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Friedlander ◽  
C. Lin ◽  
S. Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Geniculate Nucleus ◽  
Lateral Geniculate ◽  
X And Y Cells ◽  
Y Cells

Morphological and physiological properties of geniculate W-cells of the cat: a comparison with X- and Y-cells

1983 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 582-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. Stanford ◽  
M. J. Friedlander ◽  
S. M. Sherman
Keyword(s):  
X And Y Cells ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Y Cells

Dependence of retinogeniculate transmission in cat on NMDA receptors

1990 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 347-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Sillito ◽  
P. C. Murphy ◽  
T. E. Salt ◽  
C. I. Moody
Keyword(s):  
Nmda Receptor ◽  
Nmda Receptors ◽  
Dorsal Lateral Geniculate Nucleus ◽  
Visual Response ◽  
Visual Responses ◽  
Receptor Agonists ◽  
Selective Blockade ◽  
X And Y Cells ◽  
X 24 ◽  
Y Cells

1. We have examined the possibility that N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors may be involved in the visual response of relay cells in the cat dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN). The selective NMDA receptor antagonists D-2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate (APV) and 3-[(+/-)-2-carboxypiperazin-4-yl]-propyl-1-phosphonic acid (CPP) have been iontophoretically applied to X and Y cells in the dLGN and their effects on the visual response to a light spot flashed within the receptive field center determined. 2. The antagonist effects were assessed at ejection current levels producing a selective blockade of the responses to iontophoretically applied NMDA with respect to those elicited by the non-NMDA receptor agonists quisqualate and kainate. These selective effects were determined in an experimental paradigm where the visual response and responses to NMDA and the non-NMDA receptor agonists were compared in the same test run. The data refer to a total population of 52 cells (28 X, 24 Y). 3. Application of APV abolished or greatly reduced the visual responses of both X and Y cells. The mean percentage reduction in the visual response for the X cells studied was 59 +/- 10% (SE; n = 7) and for the Y cells 66 +/- 8% (SE; n = 11). Both the early onset transient and the sustained component of the visual response to the flashed stimulus were equally affected. 4. The antagonist CPP produced a similar pattern of effect to APV, substantially reducing or abolishing the visual response in both X and Y cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Development of neuronal response properties in the cat dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus during monocular deprivation

1983 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 240-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Mangel ◽  
J. R. Wilson ◽  
S. M. Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Geniculate Nucleus ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Optic Chiasm ◽  
Dorsal Lateral Geniculate Nucleus ◽  
Response Properties ◽  
Lateral Geniculate ◽  
X And Y Cells ◽  
X Cells ◽  
Y Cells ◽  
Dorsal Lateral Geniculate

We measured response properties of X- and Y-cells from laminae A and A1 of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus of monocularly lid-sutured cats at 8, 12, 16, 24, and 52-60 wk of age. Visual stimuli consisted of small spots of light and vertically oriented sine-wave gratings counterphased at a rate of 2 cycles/s. In cats as young as 8 wk of age, nondeprived and deprived neurons could be clearly identified as X-cells or Y-cells with criteria previously established for adult animals. Nonlinear responses of Y-cells from 8- and 12-wk-old cats were often temporally labile; that is, the amplitude of the nonlinear response of nondeprived and deprived cells increased or decreased suddenly. A similar lability was not noted for the linear response component. This phenomenon rarely occurred in older cats. At 8 wk of age, Y-cell proportions (number of Y-cells/total number of cells) in nondeprived and deprived A-laminae were approximately equal. By 12 wk of age and thereafter, the proportion of Y-cells in deprived laminae was significantly lower than that in nondeprived laminae. At no age was there a systematic difference in response properties (spatial resolution, latency to optic chiasm stimulation, etc.) for Y-cells between deprived and nondeprived laminae. Spatial resolution, defined as the highest spatial frequency to which a cell would respond at a contrast of 0.6, was similar for nondeprived and deprived X-cells until 24 wk of age. In these and older cats, the mean spatial resolution of deprived X-cells was lower than that of nondeprived X-cells. This difference was noted first for lamina A1 at 24 wk of age and later for lamina A at 52-60 wk of age. The average latency of X-cells to optic chiasm stimulation was slightly greater in deprived laminae than in nondeprived laminae. No such difference was seen for Y-cells. Cells with poor and inconsistent responses were encountered infrequently but were observed far more often in deprived laminae than in nondeprived laminae. Lid suture appears to affect the development of geniculate X- and Y-cells in very different ways. Not only is the final pattern of abnormalities quite different between these cell groups, but the developmental dynamics of these abnormalities also differ.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document