scholarly journals Effects of moisture conditions on the small mammal communities of floodplain forests in south Moravia (Czech Republic)

2017 ◽  
Vol 141 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 557-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Suchomel ◽  
Jan Zejda ◽  
Pavel Hadaš ◽  
Marta Heroldová
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammal ◽  
Sorex Araneus ◽  
Groundwater Table ◽  
Myodes Glareolus ◽  
Moisture Regime ◽  
Floodplain Forests ◽  
Herb Layer ◽  
Apodemus Flavicollis ◽  
Small Mammal Communities ◽  
Mammal Communities

Changes of the moisture regime and its influence on the dominance of selected species of small mammal communities were studied in floodplain forests in southern Moravia (river Dyje). In period of typical floodplain regime characterized by groundwater table fluctuation (1968–1972, with high groundwater table level or floods in spring) dominance of Apodemus flavicollis (Mel.) was 42%, Myodes glareolus (Schreb.) 33% and Sorex araneus L. 15% of the total small mammal communities. In period 1982–1987 after cessation of floods by river regulation, rapid groundwater drop and changes in the herb layer, the dominance of Apodemus flavicollis and Myodes glareolus increased. Also the dominance of Apodemus sylvaticus (L.) increased, but that of Sorex araneus collapsed. Further revitalization measures were applied by systems of channels supplying the water to root system of forest trees but not to the herb layer. In 2002–2006 decreasing moisture condition further influenced the dominance of Apodemus flavicollis reaching mean dominance 62%, Myodes glareolus dominance decreased to 20% and that of Sorex araneus remain to be low. All estimated changes were correlated with moisture regime changes and were significant. Thus the changes in the forest moisture regime significantly affect the community of small terrestrial mammals.

scholarly journals Small mammals in the diet of owls in the Masovian Landscape Park and its adjacent areas

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-86
Author(s):  
Grzegorz LESIŃSKI ◽  
◽  
Przemysław STOLARZ ◽  
Jakub GRYZ ◽  
Radosław DĄBROWSKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammal ◽  
Sorex Araneus ◽  
Myodes Glareolus ◽  
Tyto Alba ◽  
Apodemus Flavicollis ◽  
Microtus Arvalis ◽  
Strix Aluco ◽  
Small Mammal Communities ◽  
Mammal Communities ◽  
Muscardinus Avellanarius

The diet of three owl species was analysed in 32 sites localised in the Masovian Landscape Park and its outskirts to determine the structure of small mammal communities. Study was done in the years 1993–2016, 5,728 vertebrate prey (including 4,001 mammals) were collected. Five species of soricomorphs, six bats, 14 rodents and one species of Carnivora were found. Among mammals, Myodes glareolus had the greatest share in the diet of Strix aluco. Tyto alba most frequently caught Microtus arvalis and Sorex araneus, while Asio otus – M. arvalis and M. oeconomus. Those prey, together with Apodemus flavicollis and A. agrarius, dominated in small mammal communities. One site of Crocidura leucodon was found on the western edge of its range in Poland. The share of bats in the diet of S. aluco was small (0.5% of mammals), Plecotus auritus was most frequent. Muscardinus avellanarius was found in forests of the southern part of the Masovian Landscape Park. It was relatively often caught by S. aluco in favourable habitats. Shares of M. oeconomus, M. agrestis and M. avellanarius in the diet of owls were significantly higher in southern part of the study area remote from Warsaw.

Dynamics of small-mammal communities along an elevational gradient

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 312-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M. Benedek ◽  
I. Sîrbu
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammal ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Myodes Glareolus ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Live Trapping ◽  
Small Mammal Communities ◽  
Mammal Communities ◽  
Bank Vole Myodes Glareolus

Elevation is one of the most important natural gradients that is strongly shaping communities across relatively small areas. However, few studies have followed the temporal dynamics of elevational patterns, even in organisms for which population and community fluctuations have been extensively studied, such as rodents. Here we report the multiannual dynamics of small-mammal communities along an elevational gradient in the Southern Carpathians. During a 5-year survey, we conducted live-trapping in forested and shrubby habitats, at elevations between 820 and 2040 m. We used partial constrained multivariate analysis and mixed-effects models to test the effect of elevation, year, and their interaction. Community metrics differed significantly between even and odd years and temporal changes had stronger effect on small-mammal communities than elevation. The 2-year pattern of dynamics was especially marked in the yellow-necked field mouse (Apodemus flavicollis (Melchior, 1834)). Species abundance was predicted not only by year and elevation, but also by their interaction. The dominant rodent species, the bank vole (Myodes glareolus (Schreber, 1780)) and A. flavicollis, showed opposite annual patterns in relation to elevation, possibly as a strategy to avoid competition. Failure to consider the fluctuations in montane small-mammal communities may lead to wrong assessment of species’ state and distribution.

scholarly journals Relationships between landscape structure and the prevalence of two tick-borne infectious agents, Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, in small mammal communities

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grégoire Perez ◽  
Suzanne Bastian ◽  
Amélie Chastagner ◽  
Albert Agoulon ◽  
Yann Rantier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Small Mammal ◽  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Anaplasma Phagocytophilum ◽  
Myodes Glareolus ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Small Mammal Communities ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
Mammal Communities

AbstractContextBy modifying ecosystems, land cover changes influence the emergence, the spread and the incidence of vector-borne diseases.ObjectiveThis study aimed at identifying associations between landscape structure and the prevalence of two tick-borne infectious agents, Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Borrelia burgdorferi s.l., in small mammal communities.MethodsSmall mammals were sampled in 24 sites along a gradient of woodland fragmentation and hedgerow network density, and screened for infectious agents with real-time PCR techniques. For each site, structural variables (composition and configuration) of the surrounding landscape at various scales (0-500 m) and variables of wooded habitats connectivity based on graph theory and least cost path distances for the two dominant species, bank voles (Myodes glareolus) and wood mice (Apodemus sylvaticus), were computed.ResultsThe A. phagocytophilum prevalence increased with wooded habitats cover (0-500 m), likely through host population size, and increased slightly with bank vole abundance, which has a higher reservoir competence than wood mouse. The B. burgdorferi s.l. prevalence increased with wooded ecotones only at local scales (50-100 m). Wooded habitats connectivity measures did not improve models built with simple land cover variables. A more marked spatial pattern was observed for the prevalence of A. phagocytophilum than B. burgdorferi s.l..ConclusionsThis study highlights the interest of considering together the ecology of infectious agents (e.g. host specificity) and the host species community ecology to better understand the influence of the landscape structure on the spatial distribution of vector-borne infectious agents.

The helminth parasites of some small mammal communities. I. The parasites and their hosts

Parasitology ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. I. Sharpe
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Small Mammal ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Sorex Araneus ◽  
Clethrionomys Glareolus ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Microtus Agrestis ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Small Mammal Communities ◽  
Mammal Communities

1. A method of trapping small mammals has been described and Apodemus sylvaticus, Clethrionomys glareolus, Microtus agrestis and Sorex araneus were captured. The method of trapping has been discussed.2. A survey of the endoparasites found in the four host species has been produced. The two more common hosts and four of their parasites have been chosen for more detailed study.3. The infection levels of the parasites in the two hosts have been calculated and compared with other published data.This work was carried out during the tenure of a Department of Scientific and Industrial Research Studentship. My thanks are due to Dr H. D. Crofton for his very helpful supervision and criticism and to Professor J. E. Harris, F.R.S., in whose department this work was done, for the facilities provided.

scholarly journals Small mammals of the suburban areas of Warsaw in the diet of the tawny owl Strix aluco

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 349-354
Author(s):  
Jerzy Romanowski ◽  
Grzegorz Lesiński ◽  
Marta Bardzińska
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Myodes Glareolus ◽  
Apodemus Flavicollis ◽  
Microtus Arvalis ◽  
Tawny Owl ◽  
Strix Aluco ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
Mustela Nivalis ◽  
Small Mammal Communities ◽  
Mammal Communities

We investigated the composition of small mammals at nine locations in the southwestern suburban zone of Warsaw (central Poland) through the analysis of the pellets of the Tawny owl Strix aluco. In total, we recorded 611 individuals of 15 species of small mammal communities in the diet. Rodents constituted the most numerous mammalian order. Among the most abundant prey we recorded were Myodes glareolus (63 individuals = 10.3% of all mammals), Apodemus agrarius (56 individuals = 9.2%) (173), Apodemus flavicollis (54 individuals = 8.8%), Mus musculus (48 individuals = 7.9%) and Microtus arvalis (44 individuals = 7.2%). We recorded also some species rarely captured by the tawny owl: Nyctalus noctula and Mustela nivalis. Species composition of small mammals of the study area resembled city parks, with several species typical for anthropogenic landscape.

Small mammal communities in forest ecosystems affected by urbanization

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 490-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. F. Chernousova ◽  
O. V. Tolkach ◽  
O. E. Dobrotvorskaya
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammal ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Small Mammal Communities ◽  
Mammal Communities

scholarly journals Context-Dependent Effects of Largewildlife Declines on Small-Mammal Communities in Central Kenya

2015 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-160
Author(s):  
Hillary S. Young ◽  
Douglas J. McCauley ◽  
Rodolfo Dirzo ◽  
Jacob R. Goheen ◽  
Bernard Agwanda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammal ◽  
Small Mammal Communities ◽  
Context Dependent ◽  
Mammal Communities ◽  
Central Kenya

Changes in small mammal communities after logging in north-central Ontario

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 970-980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur M. Martell
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Small Mammal ◽  
Vegetative Cover ◽  
North Central ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Clear Cutting ◽  
Small Mammal Community ◽  
Small Mammal Communities ◽  
Mammal Community ◽  
Mammal Communities

Changes in small mammal communities following logging were monitored in clear-cut and strip-cut upland black spruce (Picea mariana) stands and in selectively cut mixed wood stands in north-central Ontario. Clear-cutting and subsequent scarification essentially eliminated the vegetative cover. Much of the ground cover recovered within 5 years and shrubs within 12 years, but mosses and lichens took much longer. The small mammal community in both clear-cut and strip-cut stands changed over the first three years after logging from one dominated by southern red-backed voles (Clethrionomys gapperi) to one dominated by deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) and then remained relatively stable for up to 13 years after harvest. That shift was not apparent in selectively cut mixed wood stands where the composition of the small mammal community was similar between uncut stands and stands 4–23 years after harvest. There was relatively little change in total numbers of small mammals after logging. In general, the diversity and evenness of small mammals increased or remained stable in the first 1–3 years following harvest, decreased on older (3–16 years) cuts, and then increased to values similar to those in uncut stands on the oldest (19–23 years) cuts.

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