Histochemical evaluation of an epithelial layer of the cardiac part gastroesophageal junction mucosa in the different periods of a prenatal ontogenesis of human (part 2)

In order to study the quantitative and qualitative composition of mucins of the gastroesophageal zone (GEZ) epithelium during the stages of embryonic and fetal periods of ontogenesis, we conducted morphometric and histochemical studies of the epithelial differon of the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ). The early embryonic period of 5–6 weeks was established to have been observing a gradual increase of neutral and acid mucins secretion in the gastric parts of the GEJ epithelial differon whereas the embryo-fetal or non-fetal period from 7 to 9 weeks was characterized by changing and the structural rearrangement of the epithelial differon and sulfomucins appearance in gastric epithelium and gradual decrease in the production of acid mucins. The early fetal period (10–28 weeks) is characterized by disappearance of acid sialomucins in the enterocytes of the GEZ from 10 to 18 weeks and an increase to 7.65±0.18% of neutral mucins with a drop in their level in the 18-20 week period and a decrease to 24±0.10% at 28 weeks (p<0.001). The late fetal period, from 28 to 38 weeks, was characterized by a complete structural rearrangement of the epithelial differon of the GEZ with the formation of a simple columnar epithelium of the cardiac part of the stomach with incomplete histochemical cytological differentiation of the GEZ gastric epithelium. It was evidenced by the presence of residual acid mucins (sialomucins) that are not typical for mature gastric epithelium.

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Histochemical evaluation of mucins distribution of the gastroesophageal zone esophageal epithelium in the embryonal and fetal periods of human ontogenesis (part I)

Reports of Vinnytsia National Medical University ◽

10.31393/reports-vnmedical-2018-22(3)-05 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 422-430

Author(s):

T. Rekun ◽

S. Vernygorodskyi ◽

T. Kyselova ◽

O. Tataryna

Keyword(s):

Gastroesophageal Junction ◽

Structural Rearrangement ◽

Human Embryos ◽

Esophageal Epithelium ◽

Fetal Period ◽

Human Ontogenesis ◽

Functional Zones ◽

Human Embryos And Fetuses ◽

Acid Mucins ◽

Early Fetal Period

To study the quantitative and qualitative mucins profile of gastroesophageal zone (GEZ) epithelium during stages of the embryonal and fetal ontogenesis periods we have performed morphometrical and histochemical researches of the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) epithelial differon. The current study was carried out on 169 human embryos and fetuses of gestational age from 4–5 till 38 weeks. It was established that during early embryonal period (5–6 weeks) gradual increase of neutral and acid mucins in esophageal part of the GEJ epithelial differon is observed. For early fetal period (10–28 weeks) disappearance of acid syalomucins in the GEJ enterocytes from 10 till 18 week and increasing of neutral mucin till 7,65±0,18% with falling of its level in 18–20 weeks period and decreasing till 2,4±0,10% in 28 weeks (р<0,001) was typical. Late fetal period from 28 till 38 weeks is characterized by complete structural rearrangement of epithelial differon of the GEZ stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelium with formation of two functional zones: protective germinative in esophageal part of GEJ with incomplete histochemical cytodifferentiation of the GEJ esophageal epithelium. It was proved by remains of acid mucins (syalomucins) which are untypical for mature esophageal epithelium. Thus, the obtained data on the histological features of the GEZ epithelial differon in the prenatal period of ontogenesis will improve the accuracy of diagnosis and assessment of pathological changes in the mucous membrane of the GEJ.

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