scholarly journals Histochemical Reactions of Papilla and Cytoplasmic Aggregate in Epidermal Cells of Barley Leaves Infected by Erysiphe graminis hordei

1980 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuhiro KITA ◽  
Hideyoshi TOYODA ◽  
Jiko SHISHIYAMA
Keyword(s):  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Erysiphe Graminis ◽  
Erysiphe Graminis Hordei ◽  
Barley Leaves ◽  
Cytoplasmic Aggregate

Chronological analysis of cytological responses in powdery-mildewed barley leaves

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (9) ◽  
pp. 1761-1768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuhiro KIta ◽  
Hideyoshi Toyoda ◽  
Jiko Shishiyama
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescent Microscopy ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Erysiphe Graminis ◽  
Strong Fluorescence ◽  
Fluorescent Intensity ◽  
Barley Leaves

The cytological responses against Erysiphe graminis f.sp. hordei, race I, of barley epidermal cells from either highly resistant, resistant, or susceptible barley leaves were chronologically examined by light and fluorescent microscopy. Small papillae and aggregations of epidermal cytoplasm around the papillae were observed beneath appressorial tips of the fungus in all barley leaves 12–13 h after inoculation. In all barley leaves, if papillae increased in size and fluoresced 18 h after inoculation, the mass of aggregated cytoplasm disappeared and there was no fungal penetration. If successful penetration was accomplished 15 h after inoculation in highly resistant and resistant barley, the aggregated cytoplasm fluoresced and increased in amount and fluorescent intensity until 18 h. Eventually, all the cytoplasm of the affected epidermal cells became granulated and showed strong fluorescence 48 h after inoculation. In resistant barley, about 10% of conidia resulted in successful penetration of the nonfluorescent papillae and in small, fluorescent and distorted haustoria; in these cases, the fluorescence of the aggregate in the invaded epidermal cells was delayed. In resistant and susceptible barley, 30 and 70%, respectively of conidia yielded penetration hyphae which successfully penetrated the nonfluorescent papillae and resulted in normal haustoria 48 h after inoculation. Aggregation of epidermal cytoplasm around the penetration sites in these was also observed 15 h after inoculation but was not noticeably fluorescent and had dispersed 48 h after inoculation. These results suggest that in barley leaves compatibility or incompatibility is established by 15 h after inoculation, incompatibility being expressed by the aggregation and fluorescence of the epidermal cytoplasm.

Cytological studies of the early stages of powdery mildew in barley and wheat. XI. Autofluorescence and haloes at penetration sites of appressoria of Erysiphe graminis hordei and Erysiphe pisi on barley coleoptiles

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 1535-1539 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kunoh ◽  
K. Kuno ◽  
H. Ishizaki
Keyword(s):  
Host Cell ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Divalent Cations ◽  
Erysiphe Graminis ◽  
Erysiphe Pisi ◽  
Acid Dyes ◽  
Erysiphe Graminis Hordei ◽  
Barley Leaves

Cytological and physiological comparisons between autofluorescence and haloes which appeared at penetration sites of appressoria of Erysiphe graminis and Erysiphe pisi on barley coleoptiles were made using dye stains and fluorescence microscopy. Haloes induced by these fungi on barley coleoptiles were successfully detected by various dyes when the inoculated coleoptiles were treated with 70% ethanol at 80 °C for 30 min before staining. Responses of haloes on coleoptiles to basic and acid dyes were very similar to those on barley leaves which have been reported earlier. In time-course studies, haloes were not detected until at least 15 min after initiation of cytoplasmic aggregation. The occurrence of haloes was suppressed by supplemental Ca2+, but unaffected by K+, Na+, and Li+. Similar results were obtained in haloes induced by both fungi. Autofluorescent regions remained in situ after the inoculated coleoptile cells were plasmolyzed, suggesting that this phenomenon might be closely associated with host cell walls. As reported earlier, autofluorescence preceded the appearance of cytoplasmic aggregates by 1–10 min and, moreover, its appearance was enhanced by divalent cations such as Ca2+, Mg2+, and Mn2+, but not by monovalent cations such as K+, Na+, and Li+. Based on these results and earlier studies, it was concluded that the autofluorescence and haloes represented different responses in host cell walls to the penetration activities of both pathogenic and nonpathogenic fungi.

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