Functional Changes in the Cochlea of Guinea Pigs in Chronic Renal Failure. Electrocochleography. Effect of Noise Exposure.

Abstract Antisera directed toward the carboxyl-terminal region of human parathyrin (parathyroid hormone), for use in daignostically applicable radioimmunoassays of the hormone in serum, are scarce, largely because of the lack of suitable immunogens of human origin. We produced four antisera in goats and guinea pigs by immunization with recently discovered carboxyl-terminal fragments of human parathyrin extracted from parathyroid tumors. Here, we report results of radioimmunoassays of nearly 200 normal and pathological sera with one of these antisera; we observed almost complete differentiation between concentrations of parathyrin in serum of healthy normal subjects and patients with primary, secondary (due to chronic renal failure), or "ectopic" hyperparathyroidism (due to nonparathyroid cancer). The availability of a new immunogen should now make possible the deliberate production of large quantities of diagnostically applicable parathyrin antisera directed toward the carboxyl-terminal region of human parathyrin. This should, in turn, lead to more widespread availability of this useful radioimmunoassay.

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Impact of Cardiovascular Organ Damage on Cortical Renal Perfusion in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2013/137868 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Arkadiusz Lubas ◽

Robert Ryczek ◽

Grzegorz Kade ◽

Jerzy Smoszna ◽

Stanisław Niemczyk

Keyword(s):

Renal Failure ◽

Chronic Renal Failure ◽

Troponin I ◽

Resistance Index ◽

Organ Damage ◽

Renal Perfusion ◽

Ultrasound Measurement ◽

Early Investigation ◽

Functional Changes ◽

Cortical Perfusion

Introduction. Properly preserved renal perfusion is the basic determinant of oxygenation, vitality, nutrition, and organ function and its structure. Perfusion disorders are functional changes and are ahead of the appearance of biochemical markers of organ damage. The aim of this study was to evaluate a relationship between the renal cortex perfusion and markers of cardiovascular organ damage in patients with stable chronic renal failure (CKD).Methods. Seventeen patients (2 F; 15 M; age47±16) with stable CKD at 2–4 stages and hypertension or signs of heart failure were enrolled in this study. Blood tests with an estimation of renal and cardiac functions, echocardiographic parameters, intima-media thickness (IMT), renal resistance index (RRI), and total (TPI), proximal (PPI), and distal (DPI) renal cortical perfusion intensity measurements were collected.Results. DPI was significantly lower than PPI. TPI significantly correlated with age, Cys, CKD-EPI (cystatin), and IMT, whereas DPI significantly depended on Cystain, CKD-EPI (cystatin; cystatin-creatinine), IMT, NT-proBNP, and troponin I. In multiple stepwise regression analysis model only CKD-EPI (cystatin) independently influenced DPI.Conclusions. Cardiovascular and kidney damage significantly influences renal cortical perfusion. Ultrasound measurement of renal perfusion could be a sensitive method for early investigation of cardiovascular and renal injuries.

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Experimental Evaluation of Furosemide and/or Tadalafil in Conventional and Nanoparticle Forms in Prevention of Chronic Renal Failure Induced in Rats

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1185246/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Moustafa Mahmoud Hamdy ◽

Mahran S. Abdel. Rahman ◽

Dalia M. Badary ◽

Mahmoud Sabra

Keyword(s):

Renal Failure ◽

Chronic Renal Failure ◽

Caspase 3 ◽

Urine Analysis ◽

Kidney Tissue ◽

Organ Damage ◽

Renal Tissue ◽

Functional Changes ◽

General Acceptance ◽

Immunohistochemical Studies

Abstract Introduction: Chronic renal failure (CRF) is a progressive loss of renal function that lead to reduced sodium filtration and inappropriate suppression of tubular reabsorption that ultimately leads to volume expansion. To improve treatment outcomes, the aim of this study was to evaluate the possible renoprotective effect of tadalafil and furosemide, individually and in combination, in both conventional and nanoforms in adenine-induced CRF rat-model. Methods: Addition of 0.75% adenine to the diet of rats for 4 weeks gained general acceptance as a model to study kidney damage as this intervention mimicked most of the structural and functional changes seen in human chronic kidney disease Urine analysis, histopathological changes and immunohistochemical expression of caspase-3 and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in renal tissues were performed.Results: Our results showed that the combination of tadalafil and furosemide using conventional and nanoparticle formulations revealed a beneficial therapeutic effect in the treatment of CRF. This was demonstrated by improvement of urinary, serum and renal tissue markers as indicative of organ damage. This was also reflected on the reduction of tubular expression of KIM-1 and NGAL. Immunohistochemical studies showed that significant increase in the number of apoptotic tubular cells indicated by increased expression of caspase-3 in CRF. These deteriorated renal cellular changes were improved by the treatment of rats with the investigated drugs. Results from ELISA showed that IL-1β was reduced by such treatment in kidney tissue. Conclusion: Tadalafil and furosemide improved the biochemical, histopathological and immunohistochemistry changes in adenine-induced CRF which strongly support the renopreventive effects of investigated drugs in particular the nanoparticle forms.

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