scholarly journals L’opinion coloniale et la question de la relance de Saint-Domingue 1795-1802

Author(s):  
Baptiste Biancardini
Keyword(s):  
Costume ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Ashelford

When Jane Austen wrote in January 1801 that ‘Mrs Powlett was at once expensively and nakedly dressed’, the fashion for muslin dresses had existed for some eighteen years. This article examines the crucial period between 1779 and 1784 when the muslin garment, which became known as the chemise à la reine, was developed and refined. Originating in the French West Indies, the gaulle was the ‘colonial livery’ worn by the wives of the white elite, the ‘grands blancs’, and first appeared as a costume in a ballet performed in Paris in 1779. The version worn by Queen Marie Antoinette in Vigée Le Brun's controversial portrait of 1783 provoked, according to the Baron de Frénilly, ‘a revolution in dress’ which eventually destabilized society. The article focuses on the role played by Saint-Domingue, France's most valuable overseas possession, in the transference of the gaulle from colonial to metropolitan fashion, and how the colony became one of the major providers of unprocessed cotton to the French cotton industry.


Author(s):  
Emilie d’Orgeix

The first French military engineers in the American colonies between 1635 and 1670 did not belong to a professional corps, being officers with expertise to do military land-surveying and construct emergency defences. Between 1670 and 1691 engineers were under the discipline of Vauban who chose them for missions in Canada or the French Antilles. After 1691, until 1776, they were all ingénieurs du roi. They ranged across citadel and fort construction, cartography and town planning (especially in Louisiana and Saint Domingue).They promoted the urban grid plan, as well as harbours and road construction. With incorporation in a royal Genie corps in 1776 they became much more strictly military.


1954 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-247
Author(s):  
Huguette Chaunu ◽  
Pierre Chaunu

Nous avons déjà eu l'occasion de signaler la publication de plusieurs ouvrages de VÉcole des Études hispano-américaines de Séville3: au total, plus de soixante volumes parus en moins de dix ans et qui portent témoi gnage sur la valeur et la puissance de la contribution espagnole à l'historiographie hispano-américaine. Le livre de Francisco Morales Padrón sur la Jamaïque espagnole (1494-1660) est représentatif de cet immense labeur. Autre mérite : il nous offre la première étude, jusqu'à ce jour, sur la domination espagnole dans la grande île. La Jamaïque, avec Saint-Domingue, fut la plus ancienne des possessions espagnoles d'Amérique. La présente étude est la bienvenue qui couvre près de deux siècles des destins de la grande île, de la découverte en 1494 à ce 20 mai 1655, date du débarquement anglais, au 9 mai 1660 qui est la fin de la résistance espagnole, à cette année 1670 enfin, où le traité de Madrid reconnaît le fait accompli.


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