Using Participant Observation to Study the Meaning of Occupations of Young Children With Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities

2003 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. Spitzer
2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 159-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathy Thiemann-Bourque

Abstract Many young children with developmental disabilities (DD) have significant delays in social, communication, and play skills. For those children learning to use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC), successful social interactions with peers will require explicit instruction on the same system for both communication partners. Peer-mediated (PM) interventions are recommended best practice based on more than 30 years of research with young children with autism and other DDs. Integrating direct AAC instruction within PM programs to advance social reciprocity in typical preschool routines is a necessary and important next step for young AAC users. In this article, I will summarize the design and outcomes of two PM AAC studies documenting positive social outcomes for preschool children with severe autism. I will also highlight strategies to recruit peers without disabilities, teach peer partners how to use AAC systems (e.g., Picture Exchange Communication System [PECS], Speech Generating Devices [SGDs]), and engineer the preschool classroom for successful AAC communication. I will describe data collection procedures for measuring changes in reciprocal child and peer social communication interactions.


1991 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan S. Handleman ◽  
Sandra L. Harris ◽  
Barbara Kristoff ◽  
Felicia Fuentes ◽  
Michael Alessandri

In this paper, the work being conducted at the Douglass Developmental Disabilities Center of Rutgers University is described. Specifically, the recent results of research supporting the value of group-focused instruction for some young children with autism is reported. These findings just begin to address some of the questions about that small group of students who comprise the spectrum of autism. Further research and experience should continue to facilitate current efforts to design and implement the most comprehensive continuum of services.


2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura W. Plexico ◽  
Julie E. Cleary ◽  
Ashlynn McAlpine ◽  
Allison M. Plumb

This descriptive study evaluates the speech disfluencies of 8 verbal children between 3 and 5 years of age with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Speech samples were collected for each child during standardized interactions. Percentage and types of disfluencies observed during speech samples are discussed. Although they did not have a clinical diagnosis of stuttering, all of the young children with ASD in this study produced disfluencies. In addition to stuttering-like disfluencies and other typical disfluencies, the children with ASD also produced atypical disfluencies, which usually are not observed in children with typically developing speech or developmental stuttering. (Yairi & Ambrose, 2005).


2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua M. Wilson ◽  
Nicole Skalko ◽  
Abbey Eisenhower ◽  
Jan Blacher

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