picture exchange communication system
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CoDAS ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carine Ferreira ◽  
Sheila Cavalcante Caetano ◽  
Jacy Perissinoto ◽  
Ana Carina Tamanaha

RESUMO Objetivo O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a repercussão da implementação do PECS no índice de sobrecarga de mães de crianças com Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo (TEA). Método Trata-se de um estudo longitudinal (CEP 0403/2017). A amostra foi constituída por 20 díades mães-crianças com TEA. As mães tinham em média, 41 anos e 5 meses e as crianças, 7 anos e 2 meses. Quinze crianças eram do gênero masculino e cinco, do feminino. Foi aplicada a versão brasileira da escala Burden Interview cujo objetivo é a verificação do nível de sobrecarga dos cuidadores. Para análise dos comportamentos não-adaptativos aplicou-se o Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC) e para análise do repertório lexical: os Testes de Vocabulário Auditivo e Expressivo. O Programa de Implementação do PECS foi composto por 24 sessões de terapia fonoaudiológica individual com a presença ativa das mães. Ao final do Programa todas as crianças e suas respectivas mães foram reavaliadas com parte dos instrumentos utilizados na fase inicial do estudo. Resultados Houve tendência de redução dos índices de sobrecarga materna após a implementação do PECS. Notamos diminuição significativa dos comportamentos não-adaptativos e aumento dos índices de vocabulário expressivo e auditivo das crianças no momento final do estudo. Não observamos correlação significativa entre os índices de sobrecarga com a idade, escolaridade e quociente intelectual das crianças; nem com a escolaridade e nível socioeconômico materno. Conclusão Foi possível analisar a repercussão da implementação do PECS na sobrecarga de mães de crianças com TEA assistidas pelo Programa.


Author(s):  
Romy Budhi Widodo ◽  
Windra Swastika ◽  
Kestrilia Rega Prilianti

Kegiatan yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk memberikan nilai lebih kepada mitra. Pada kesempatan ini, kelompok kami berusaha ingin memberikan nilai lebih kepada salah satu Wisma Epilepsi yang ada di kota Malang. Di wisma tersebut terdapat anak autis, ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorder) dan sekaligus hiperaktif yang berusia 14 tahun. Dari hasil pengamatan oleh pembina, anak asuh dengan ASD ini memiliki tipe belajar visual. Alat-alat bermain dan belajar visual yang telah dimiliki perlu dianalisis dan jika perlu ditingkatkan keberagamannya sesuai kerjasama dengan penanggung jawab wisma. Keragaman bahan ajar juga disesuaikan dengan kemajuan pemahaman konsep dari anak tersebut. Beberapa alat belajar juga sering mengalami kerusakan sehingga diperlukan cara melindungi alat-alat belajar tersebut dari koyak dan kerusakan. Luaran sosial yang diharapkan adalah adanya peningkatan kemampuan dan kreatifitas anak ASD di Wisma Epilepsi tersebut. Pada kegiatan ini usaha menerapkan PECS-picture exchange communication system-dilakukan meski kendala pertemuan fisik yang jumlahnya tidak dapat terlalu banyak disebabkan ketidaknyamanan interaksi fisik di masa pandemi. Hasil pengamatan dari beberapa kali pertemuan dengan menerapkan PECS diperoleh bahwa penggabungan PECS dan model 3 dimensi, lebih sesuai digunakan, daripada hanya metode PECS saja, pada subjek


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (26) ◽  
pp. 1931-1939
Author(s):  
Amarshree Amarnath Shetty ◽  
Delisha Yesudas Fernandes ◽  
Amitha Mahesh Hegde

Over the last few years there has been a growing interest to cater to the requirements of children with special health care needs, especially those with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). ASD is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by limited communication skills and an obsessive need for structured patterns. Individuals with a genetic predilection to autism can be provoked by the various prenatal, natal, or post-natal environmental factors. Drugs such as thalidomide, valproic acid and consumption of antidepressants during pregnancy as well as high maternal age and viral infections are known to be prenatal triggers for autism. Autism affects 1 in every 110 children with a significant preponderance of boys to girls with a ratio of 4:1. According to Caries Risk Assessment tool (CAT) adapted by the American Academy of Paediatric Dentistry, children with ASD are at a high risk for dental caries due to their preference for carious food, pouching of food due to poor masticatory ability combined with inadequate maintenance of oral hygiene and help required for tooth brushing. These children do not behave positively to sudden changes in their environment thus a dental operatory might be intimidating to them. A thorough understanding of the individual’s needs of these patients along with combining various behaviour management techniques will help make their dental treatment a pleasant one. This articles reviews literature on the aetiology and diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder with a special emphasis on the health status and issues encountered while treating these children. This study is also an update on the various strategies such as using Applied Behaviour management approaches, Picture Exchange Communication System, Video Pedagogy, Social stories as well as pharmacological ways to communicate and also manage a child with ASD in the dental clinic. KEY WORDS Autism, Oral Health Status, Behaviour Management, Dental Management


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