scholarly journals Manifold Neighbourhoods and a Conjecture of Adjamagbo

10.53733/131 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 167-174
Author(s):  
David Gauld

We verify a conjecture of P. Adjamagbo that if the frontier of a relatively compact subset $V_0$ of a manifold is a submanifold then there is an increasing family $\{V_r\}$ of relatively compact open sets indexed by the positive reals so that the frontier of each is a submanifold, their union is the whole manifold and for each $r\ge 0$ the subfamily indexed by $(r,\infty)$ is a neighbourhood basis of the closure of the $r^{\rm th}$ set. We use smooth collars in the differential category, regular neighbourhoods in the piecewise linear category and handlebodies in the topological category.


1982 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-472
Author(s):  
J. C. Gomez-Larran¯aga

Throughout, the word knot means a subspace of the 3-sphere S3 homeomorphic with the 1-sphere S1. Any knot can be expressed as a connected sum of a finite number of prime knots in a unique way (13), we consider the trivial knot a non-prime knot. (For higher dimensional knots, factorization and uniqueness have been studied in (1).) However given a knot it is difficult to determine if it is prime or not. We prove that totally knotted knots, see definition in §2, are prime in theorem 1, give a class of examples in theorem 2 and investigate how the last result can be applied to the conjecture that the family Y of unknotting number one knots are prime. (See problem 2 in (5).) At the end, prime tangles as defined by W. B. R. Lickerish are used to prove that in a certain family of knots, related somewhat to Y, there is just one non-prime knot: the square knot. The paper should be interpreted as being in the piecewise linear category. Standard definitions of 3-manifolds and knot theory may be found in (6) and (11) respectively.



1996 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiichi Kamada

A braided surface of degree m is a compact oriented surface S embedded in a bidisk such that is a branched covering map of degree m and , where is the projection. It was defined L. Rudolph [14, 16] with some applications to knot theory, cf. [13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]. A similar notion was defined O. Ya. Viro: A (closed) 2-dimensional braid in R4 is a closed oriented surface F embedded in R4 such that and pr2 │F: F → S2 is a branched covering map, where is the tubular neighbourhood of a standard 2-sphere in R4. It is related to 2-knot theory, cf. [8, 9, 10]. Braided surfaces and 2-dimensional braids are called simple if their associated branched covering maps are simple. Simple braided surfaces and simple 2-dimensional braids are investigated in some articles, [5, 8, 9, 14, 16], etc. This paper treats of non-simple braided surfaces in the piecewise linear category. For braided surfaces a natural weak equivalence relation, called braid ambient isotopy, appears essentially although it is not important for classical dimensionai braids Artin's argument [1].



1984 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-136
Author(s):  
C. Agnes ◽  
M. Rasetti


1974 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-552
Author(s):  
R. P. Osborne

We shall work in the piecewise-linear category, so that all manifolds and subsets thereof, as well as all maps are assumed to be piecewise-linear. If M is a manifold, denote by #kM the k-fold connected sum of copies of M and by 2M the double of M, that is the manifold obtained by sewing two copies of M together by the identity map on their boundaries.



1971 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 686-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benny Evans

In [2], J. Gross provides an infinite collection of topologically distinct irreducible homology 3-spheres. In this paper, we construct for any finitely generated abelian group A, an infinite collection {Mi} of topologically distinct irreducible closed 3-manifolds such that H1(Mi) = A for each i.The proof consists of first constructing a closed irreducible 3-manifold MA with H(MA) = A, and then providing a method for producing more such manifolds with the same first homology group.All maps and spaces in this paper are assumed to be in the piecewise linear category, and all subspaces are assumed to be piecewise linear subspaces.A 3-manifold M is irreducible if each 2-sphere in M bounds a 3-cell in M. A compact 2-manifold (or surface) F in a compact 3-manifold M is properly embedded in M if F ∩ bdM = bdF.



1981 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
pp. 9-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshimichi Saito ◽  
Hiroichi Fujita


2010 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadime Dirik ◽  
Oktay Duman ◽  
Kamil Demirci

In the present work, using the concept of A -statistical convergence for double real sequences, we obtain a statistical approximation theorem for sequences of positive linear operators defined on the space of all real valued B -continuous functions on a compact subset of the real line. Furthermore, we display an application which shows that our new result is stronger than its classical version.



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