The epidemiology of invasive Haemophilus influenzae infections in children under five years of age in the Northern Territory: a three‐ year study.

1990 ◽  
Vol 153 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-115
Author(s):  
David Hansman
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five

The Epidemiology of Haemophilus influenzae Meningitis in Children under Five Years of Age in The Gambia, West Africa

1990 ◽  
Vol 161 (6) ◽  
pp. 1210-1215 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Bijlmer ◽  
L. van Alphen ◽  
B. M. Greenwood ◽  
J. Brown ◽  
G. Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
The Gambia ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Meningitis In Children

scholarly journals Epidemiological profile of meningitis following pentavalent vaccination in Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saber Heidari ◽  
Manoochehr Karami ◽  
Seyed Mohsen Zahraei ◽  
Iraj Sedighi ◽  
Fatemeh Azimian Zavareh
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type B ◽  
Type B ◽  
Neck Stiffness ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Vaccine Introduction ◽  
Pentavalent Vaccine ◽  
Number Of Patients

Abstract Background Ensuring the effectiveness of the Haemophilus influenza type b (DTwP-Hib-HepB) vaccine in reducing meningitis is an essential approach in evaluating the effectiveness of the vaccine. The study aimed to address the epidemiology of meningitis following pentavalent vaccination in Iran. Methods In this descriptive study, data from meningitis patients from 21st March 2011 to 21st July 2018 were extracted from the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System. This information was divided into two equal periods before the pentavalent vaccine introduction (21st March 2011 to 17th November 2014) and after the introduction (18th November 2014 to 21st July 2018). Descriptive statistics indices, including frequency, percentages, tables, and graphs, were used to describe the study population. Results The number of patients in the study period was 53,174 cases. More than 55% of patients were under five years old. Males (63.34%) were more than females (36.06%). From the clinical point of view, 90.56% had a fever, 57.87% vomited, 53.78% had a headache, and 26.27% had neck stiffness. The death rate was reduced to 2.1%; also, the proportion of confirmed cases caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b was 6.7% before the pentavalent vaccine introduction. The corresponding value following vaccine introduction equals to 3.6%. The proportion of children under five has decreased from 4.4–1.9%. This value indicates a 46.2% decrease in the meningitis of all ages and a 57% decrease in children under five due to Haemophilus influenzae vaccination. Conclusions The results of the study indicate the effectiveness of the vaccine due to changes in meningitis caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b after vaccination compared with no vaccination. Therefore, it is advisable to continue the full immunization coverage with the pentavalent vaccine.

scholarly journals Characterization of Haemophilus influenzae Obtained from Invasive Diseases in Cuban Children under Five Years of Age

1999 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-478
Author(s):  
Isis Tamargo ◽  
Gilda Toraño ◽  
Oxandra Rodriguez ◽  
Miriam Perez ◽  
Alina Llop
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Invasive Diseases

Precise Quantification of Fever in Childhood Bacterial Meningitis

1992 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marja Anttila ◽  
Jaakko-Juhani Himberg ◽  
Heikki Peltola
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Precise Measurement ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Drug Fever ◽  
Prolonged Fever ◽  
Precise Quantification

Precise quantity of fever was determined in 191 cases of childhood bacterial meningitis by calculating the areas between the line indicating 37.8°C or 39.5°C temperature and the line connecting all individual temperature values. Temperature measurements were performed rectally one to four times a day throughout the hospitalization. The obtained areas under the curves (AUC), expressed as degree-hours, proved to be a sensitive index for delineating each individual fever pattern and reflected the magnitude of fever more precisely than the traditional fever curves. Children under five had significantly (p <0.05) greater AUC than those at five to 15 years; similarly, patients with Haemophilus influenzae meningitis showed greater AUC (i.e., had more fever) than those with meningococcal disease ( p <0.05). The overall rates of secondary (14%), persistent (16%), and prolonged fever (8%) were virtually identical to previous reports; no drug fever was reported in this study. In cases with prolonged fever, a significantly higher rate (40%) of neurological complications was found compared to those who became afebrile earlier. This method is potentially utilizable in other diseases and conditions where precise measurement of fever is of clinical or scientific relevance.

Why is the Coverage of Pneumonia Case Detection on Children under Five Years-Old Still Considered as Low in Sleman?

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Ade Kartikasari Sebba ◽  
Baning Rahayujati ◽  
Isa Dharmawidjaja
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
Community Health Centers ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Case Detection ◽  
Upper Respiratory Infection ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Pneumonia Case ◽  
Case Investigation

Pneumonia is one of the deadliest diseases for children under five years-old throughout the world. In Indonesia, pneumonia is the second deadliest disease after diarrhea. In 2015-2016, the Coverage of pneumonia case detection on children under five years-old increased from 22.33% to 36.06% but it had not achieved the detection target (-85%). A program evaluation needs to conduct, consequently. The evaluation aims to observe the implementation of pneumonia investigation program on children under five years-old in Sleman in 2016. The evaluation used a descriptive design performed in June-July 2017. The research subject was the program of Upper Respiratory Infection (ISPA, Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut) implemented in community health centers (puskesmas, pusat kesehatan masyarakat). Twenty respondents as the sample were chosen by using the purposive sampling technique. The surveillance evaluation employed the input, activities, and output. The instruments were structural questionnaires and checklist sheets. The analysis result was presented in forms of tabulation and narration. From the input facet, 100% respondents have not had any special trainings related to pneumonia. 55% respondents have interlocking jobs with the longest service time of three years or more (75%). 70% respondents are able to show ARI Soundtimer. There are only 10% respondents holding the media of communication, information, and education (KIE, Komunikasi, Informasi, dan Edukasi) in forms of flipchart and leaflet; while 100% respondents admit that they have no stamp seal of URI. The proses facet displays that 100% respondents do not arrange any plan. The case investigation is only passive (100%). 80% respondents do socialization of case management and only 15% respondents perform a home visit. 100% respondents have not held trainings for responsible people, alert villages, and private midwives. From the output facet, the scope of case investigation is still low (36.06%).The implementation of pneumonia case investigation program on children under five years-old has been well executed but there are still weaknesses. Hence, public health offices (dinas kesehatan) should improve their human resources by arran ging a training program, equalize the use of breath counting tool and make MoU with all health services to report pneumonia cases. Community health centers are recommended to arrange plans, actively attempt to discover pneumonia cases, and train the responsible people, centers for pre-and postnatal health care (posyandu, pos pelayanan terpadu), or midwives related to the subject of pneumonia.

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