scholarly journals WCMC Handbooks on Biodiversity Information Management, Volume 1: information and policy

1998 ◽  
2009 ◽  
pp. 1446-1453
Author(s):  
Ozgul Unal ◽  
Ersin C. Kaletas ◽  
Hamideh Afsarmanesh ◽  
H. Hakan Yakali ◽  
Louis O. Hertzberger

With the increasing need for collaboration in different science domains, a lot of research activities are now focused on the mechanisms and infrastructures supporting advanced collaborations among pre-existing, distributed, heterogeneous, and autonomous organizations. Collaborating organizations typically share some common objectives and in order to achieve them they need to share their information and resources. One prominent requirement is to access each other’s data or databases through a secure infrastructure. Biodiversity is one such science domain. Challenges in biodiversity information management are being addressed in the project ENBI (European Network for Biodiversity Information) (ENBI, n.d.). A summary of the information management challenges in different science domains is given in the second section, Information Management Challenges in Science Domains. In this context, the CIMS introduces promising solutions to cope with these challenges. In general terms, CIMS refers to the set of components and mechanisms that together constitute a generic information manipulation framework to support the interoperation and data sharing among collaborating members (Guevara-Masis, Unal, Kaletas, Afsarmanesh, & Hertzberger, 2004). The proposed CIMS involves three main paradigms and technologies, consisting of: (1) federated database architecture, (2) virtual organizations paradigm, and (3) grid technology. Introductory information about these technologies and paradigms and their major benefits are covered in the third section, paradigms and technologies.


Author(s):  
Azra Velagić-Hajrudinović

In the region of Southeast Europe (SEE) the obligation to establish and maintain information systems for nature conservation is scarcely mentioned in national legislation and is not adequately covered in legislative documents. Therefore, there is a great need for a more detailed regional policy paper that consists of a set of measures and a template of regulation. A set of measures was proposed and agreed upon among Biodiversity Information Management and Reporting (BIMR)* Regional Platform members and prepared in a way to be feasible, clear, resourceful and adjusted to the national circumstances, thus easier to implement. The regulation tackles all information system aspects in order to improve reporting processes towards the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD, https://www.cbd.int/mechanisms) and other relevant conventions (e.g., exchange and provisioning of the data, access and usage rights, technical and functional requirements/standards, compliance with relevant international standards and European Union (EU) directives such as EU INSPIRE Directive (Infrastructure for spatial information in Europe, https://inspire.ec.europa.eu), Birds (http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/legislation/birdsdirective/index_en.htm) and Habitats Directive (http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/legislation/habitatsdirective/index_en.htm). Capacities and skills of BIMR Regional Platform partner institutions are utilized while other available policy and strategic documents are used for emphasizing BIMR priorities in BIMR policy paper. Stakeholders have an opportunity to express national data gaps and needs through a questionnaire where BIMR priorities are selected at the regional level and presented in a proposed set of measures and regulation. Consultative meetings of the BIMR Regional Platform are used for drafting and preparing the document in a form to be ready for endorsement. The BIMR policy paper will be delivered to the Biodiversity Taskforce (BD TF https://www.rcc.int/docs/443/biodiversity-task-force-of-south-east-europe--technical-and-advisory-body-of-the-regional-working-group-on-environment), an intergovernmental technical and advisory body of the Regional Working Group on Environment (RWGE), which coordinates regional activities, facilitates the implementation of the SEE 2020 Strategy (https://www.rcc.int/pages/86/south-east-europe-2020-strategy) and creates a framework for more efficient implementation of biodiversity policies in the framework of accession to the EU. As a final outcome, the BD TF will report on the BIMR policy paper to the RWGE for further endorsement. Main result: Cooperation between economies is strengthened and their willingness to implement EU standards and fulfill international obligations is fostered by improving the capacities and skills of partner institutions for an active regional exchange, including learning/knowledge transfer and practices. This regional paper enables amplification of BIMR issues in the national legislation by improving the decision-making processes of stakeholders in their own institutions and reporting progress towards international biodiversity agreements. BIMR Regional Platform is a consultative technical group which represents focal points from the Ministries of Environment, Environmental Protection Agencies and Institutes for Nature Conservation from SEE and Croatia. It facilitates consultant work at the national/regional level, communicates and disseminates information on BIMR activities in respective institutions and other biodiversity relevant sectors and initiatives, verifies and presents BIMR deliverables and mobilizes institutional, scientific and technical networks in support of BIMR activities.


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