A basic understanding of the functional and physiological structure of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) is essential in interpreting test results. This chapter summarizes the functional anatomy of the ANS. The ANS has been divided into the central autonomic system (CAN), also called preganglionic system, and the peripheral (or postganglionic system), which includes the parasympathetic system, sympathetic system, and enteric system. The anatomy and functions of the ANS and its various divisions are explained. Also described is the anatomy and functions of the baroreceptor reflex (BR), which is important in controlling the heart rate and blood pressure.
Visual pursuit response in the severe disorder of consciousness: modulation by the central autonomic system and a predictive model