Predeployment of Transponders for Dynamic Lightpath Provisioning in Translucent Spectrally–Spatially Flexible Optical Networks

We consider a dynamic lightpath provisioning problem in translucent spectrally–spatially flexible optical networks (SS-FONs) in which flexible signal regeneration is achieved with transponders operating in back-to-back (B2B) configurations. In the analyzed scenario, an important aspect that has a significant impact on the network performance is the decision on placement of transponders that can be used for two purposes: transmitting/receiving (add/drop) of optical signals at the source/destination nodes and regeneration of the signals at some intermediate nodes. We propose a new algorithm called scaled average used regenerators (SAUR). The key idea of the SAUR method is based on a data analytics approach, i.e., the algorithm exploits information on network traffic characteristics and the applied dynamic routing algorithm to obtain additional knowledge for the decision on transponder placement. The numerical results obtained for two representative topologies highlight that the proposed SAUR method outperforms reference algorithms in terms of the amount of traffic that can be accepted in the network. In other words, placement of transponders yielded by the SAUR method allows to increase the SS-FON throughput using only the existing resources, i.e., the network operator does not have to invest in new devices or fibers.

Performance Improvement of WDM Optical Network using Optimal Regenerator Placement Strategy

As the optical networks are moving towards transparent networks, the Optical-to-Electrical (O-E) conversion taking place within the link is reduced to minimal. This results into accumulation of physical layer impairments along the light path, thereby degrading the signal quality. Due to enormous data traffic carried by optical links, any link failure or non-recovery to data at the destination end may result in huge loss. To improve the system performance, the optimum placement of regenerators is one of the solutions for the same, where signal regeneration may takes place at certain pre-specified nodes. Three different strategies of regenerator placement are discussed in the present work. The improvement in system performance with this is also presented.

Improvement Proposal for Cell Phone Signal Reception in Tabatinga-Amazonas

This article will explain the signal difficulties that the city of Tabatinga in Amazonas and will propose a possible analysis of signal repetition improvement and signal regeneration in relation to the demographic issue of the city. It will show that the use of cell phone repeaters with regenerators is a possible technical application that would improve the city's signal issue and its difficulties that lead to a financial and social economic backwardness for the municipality.