Cognitive-Affective Change Mechanisms in Personalized Normative Feedback via the Articulated Thoughts in Simulated Situations Paradigm

The research explored explanatory mechanisms of change for a personalized normative feedback (PNF) intervention, through an adapted application of the Articulated Thoughts in Simulated Situation (ATSS) cognitive think-aloud paradigm. A sample of 70 (51% female) U.S. adjudicated students were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: a PNF-ATSS condition, a PNF-Only condition (without ATSS), and an active Control+ATSS condition which received psychoeducation about alcohol use. Students in both the PNF-Only and PNF-ATSS conditions reported significant reductions in their misperceived peer drinking norms and alcohol-related consequences at the 30-day follow-up, relative to students in the control condition. Participants in the PNF-ATSS condition drank significantly fewer drinks per week at follow-up than participants in the PNF-Only condition, but not less than participants in the control condition. Significant indirect effects were found for the ATSS codes of participants’ neutrality and believability toward PNF content. This study presents a proof of concept for an adapted ATSS think-aloud methodology as a clinical science intervention tool to specify the cognitive-affective processes of change linked to complex intervention for particular problems, persons, and contexts.

Effects of Videotaped Expectancy Challenges on Alcohol Consumption of Adjudicated Students

Research suggests that the manipulation of alcohol expectancies can produce short-term reduction of moderate to heavy alcohol consumption among college populations. The present study examined the utility of an expectancy-challenge intervention administered in a videotaped format. Thirty-three residential male college students with a single alcohol offense attending a diversionary alcohol education program were randomly assigned to either the experimental treatment or an information-based comparison condition. Consistent with experimental construct validity considerations, the information treatment produced significant knowledge increments. However, neither condition had any impact on a battery of measures reflecting alcohol expectancies and alcohol consumption.