Bank-Laine Functions with Real Zeros

Suppose that E is a real entire function of finite order with zeros which are all real but neither bounded above nor bounded below, such that $$E'(z) = \pm 1$$ E ′ ( z ) = ± 1 whenever $$E(z) = 0$$ E ( z ) = 0 . Then either E has an explicit representation in terms of trigonometric functions or the zeros of E have exponent of convergence at least 3. An example constructed via quasiconformal surgery demonstrates the sharpness of this result.

The generalized Laguerre inequalities and functions in the Laguerre-Pólya class

The principal goal of this paper is to show that the various sufficient conditions for a real entire function, φ(x), to belong to the Laguerre-Pólya class (Definition 1.1), expressed in terms of Laguerre-type inequalities, do not require the a priori assumptions about the order and type of φ(x). The proof of the main theorem (Theorem 2.3) involving the generalized real Laguerre inequalities, is based on a beautiful geometric result, the Borel-Carathédodory Inequality (Theorem 2.1), and on a deep theorem of Lindelöf (Theorem 2.2). In case of the complex Laguerre inequalities (Theorem 3.2), the proof is sketched for it requires a slightly more delicate analysis. Section 3 concludes with some other cognate results, an open problem and a conjecture which is based on Cardon’s recent, ingenious extension of the Laguerre-type inequalities.