THE ANATOMICAL CHARACTERS OF Ampelocissus (Vitaceae) IN SUMATRA

The revision of Ampelocissus was performed by observing the anatomical character of Ampelocissus leaves. The leaves were collected from 33 collection numbers of Herbarium Bogoriense (BO) and four collection numbers from Sumatra exploration. The purpose of this study is to update the information of diversity and to support species concept delimitation of Ampelocissus based on the anatomical study, especially on the sterile plant. Anatomical characters were observed on nine species and one variety of Sumatran Ampelocissus. Ampelocissus species is varied by the anatomical characters, i.e.: shape of the anticlinal wall of abaxial and adaxial epidermal cell, number of palisade layers, upper epidermal cell thickness, leaf thickness, presence of papillae on stomata neighboring cell, type, and shape of calcium oxalate crystals, also stomata position. The cluster analysis of Ampelocissus in Sumatra based on 16 anatomical characters showed the coefficient similarity in the range of 0.48 - 0.81. The research showed that the leaf anatomical characters can be used as additional characters to distinguish the species of Ampelocissus. Keywords: calcium oxalate crystals, diversity, papillae, similarity coefficient, species concept ABSTRAK Ciri Anatomi Ampelocissus (Vitaceae) di Sumatera Revisi Ampelocissus dilakukan dengan mengamati ciri anatomi daun dari marga Ampelocissus. Sebanyak 33 nomor koleksi Herbarium Bogoriense (BO) dan empat nomor koleksi hasil eksplorasi di Sumatera digunakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperbarui informasi mengenai keanekaragaman dan mendukung konsep jenis Ampelocissus berdasarkan ciri anatomi, terutama pada tumbuhan steril. Studi anatomi dilakukan pada sembilan jenis dan satu varietas Ampelocissus di Sumatera. Jenis-jenis Ampelocissus di Sumatera bervariasi pada ciri anatomi yaitu bentuk dinding antilkinal sel epidermis pada bagian abaksial dan adaksial, jumlah lapisan jaringan tiang, ketebalan sel epidermis atas, ketebalan daun, kehadiran papila, jenis dan bentuk kristal kalsium oksalat, serta posisi stomata terhadap sel epidermis pada bagian abaksial daun. Analisis pengelompokan Ampelocissus di Sumatera menggunakan 16 ciri antomi dan menghasilkan fenogram dengan koefisien kemiripan 0,48 - 0,81. Ciri anatomi daun dapat digunakan sebagai ciri tambahan yang memiliki nilai taksonomi dalam membedakan jenis-jenis Ampelocissus di Sumatera.

Heavy Metals Removal Property of Major Afforested Plants in Xiangtan Manganese Mine Area, Central-South China

The aim is to study the major afforested plants in heavy metal pollution area, so as to study the mechanism of heavy metals absorption of plants. Through surveyed dominant tree and analyzed heavy metal content in different parts of its body, and analysed heavy metal content in different species of main shrubs and herbs. The results show that: (1)The dominant tree is Koelreuteria paniculata which can adapt to different heavy metals pollution. Through its own physiological regulation such as stores preferentially in the vacuole of leaf epidermal cells, accumulates in apoplast of the adaxial epidermal cell wall and combines organic acid or a variety of peptides to form chelates in leaves, so as to degrade heavy metal. Main heavy metal (Mn) content in its body show that: leaves> bark> roots> branches> stems. (2) shrubs and herbs have different heavy metals absorption capacity, which show that: Canna warscewiezii>Thalia dealbata>Boehmeria>Pontederia cordata>Typha orientalis>Softstem bulrush>Iris germanica>Nerium oleander>Phragmites australis.