An alternative characterization of $k$-marked Durfee symbols defined by Andrews is given. Some identities involving generating functions of $k$-marked Durfee symbols are proven combinatorially by considering the symbols not individually, but in equivalence classes. Also, a related binomial coefficient identity is obtained in the course.
Using the Algorithm Z developed by Zeilberger, we give a combinatorial proof of the following $q$-binomial coefficient identity $$ \sum_{k=0}^m(-1)^{m-k}{m\brack k}{n+k\brack a}(-xq^a;q)_{n+k-a}q^{{k+1\choose 2}-mk+{a\choose 2}} $$ $$=\sum_{k=0}^n{n\brack k}{m+k\brack a}x^{m+k-a}q^{mn+{k\choose 2}}, $$ which was obtained by Hou and Zeng [European J. Combin. 28 (2007), 214–227].
By means of partial fraction decomposition, an algebraic identity on rational function is established. Its limiting case leads us to a harmonic number identity, which in turn has been shown to imply Beukers' conjecture on the congruence of Apéry numbers.
A proof of the curious binomial coefficient identity which is connected with the fibonacci numbers