Abstract
A description is provided for Terfezia arenaria, which forms mycorrhizas with a range of flowering plants. Some information on its substrata, habitats, economic impacts, dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Africa (Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia), Asia (Azerbaijan, China (Hebei), Cyprus, Iraq, Iran, Israel, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, former Soviet Union, Syria, Turkey, United Arab Emirates), Atlantic Ocean (Spain (Islas Canarias)), Europe (Croatia, France, Greece, Italy (including Sardinia and Sicily), Portugal, Romania, Spain, Turkey)).
Three species of edible desert truffles, Terfezia arenaria, Terfezia claveryi, and Tirmania pinoyi associated with Helianthemum guttatum in Algeria were examined in this study. The mycorrhizal synthesis between the three species of desert truffles and Helianthemum guttatum was carried out with two different methods: (i) under axenic conditions on perlite permeated by a nutritive solution, by inoculating the seedlings with mycelial fragments; (ii) under gnotoxenic conditions on natural substrates, by inoculating plants with spore suspensions. The method of synthesis did not have any influence on the type of mycorrhizae. The desert truffles formed two types of mycorrhizae according to the fertility of the substrate: ectomycorrhizae without sheath, in the phosphorus rich substrates, or ectendomycorrhizae, also without sheath, in the phosphorus deficient substrates. Primordial ascomata were obtained in the syntheses involving polysporous inocula. Key words: ectomycorrhizae, ectendomycorrhizae, Helianthemum guttatum, Terfezia, Tirmania.
Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of Terfezia arenaria extracts collected from Saharan desert against bacteria and filamentous fungi
