821 An Unusual Pediatric PAP Compliance Obstacle, Even When the Mask Fits

Introduction Proper mask fitting is an important factor for compliant and effective use of PAP therapy. However, we present 2 patients whose masks became a barrier to PAP therapy despite a well-fitting mask. Report of case(s) Case 1 A 12-year-old female with ADHD, Chiari I malformation status-post decompression, and persistent mixed central and obstructive sleep apnea is managed with BPAP S/T. Despite absence of upper airway structural abnormalities, she is a mouth-breather during sleep and only tolerates full face masks. Despite ensuring a good mask fit and optimal BPAP settings to control her AHI, she sleeps with her neck hyperextended, resulting in her lower jaw pushing caudally and the mask liner slipping into her mouth. This stimulated chewing and resulted in damage to several masks. Case 2 An 8-year-old male with congenital central hypoventilation syndrome is managed with BPAP S/T during sleep. Similar to case 1, he is a mouth-breather during sleep and can only tolerate full face masks. Although his mask and headgear fit him well, he drools in sleep which results in the silicone liner slipping into his mouth, stimulating chewing. This has led to the need for replacement of several masks. Of note, drooling did not occur when he was previously using assisted ventilation via tracheostomy, and bruxism was not identified during polysomnography. Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the first report of PAP mask chewing, thus its incidence is unknown. We suspect that the mask liner slipping into the mouth touches the anterior surfaces of the teeth stimulating the chewing reflex. The frequency of mask chewing and consequent damage is unpredictable and often necessitates mask replacement. Insurance companies should consider this unique mask complication when determining their mask coverage policies since the typical 6-months interval for authorization of a new mask can impair the patient’s health, PAP compliance, and become an out-of-pocket financial burden for families. Although it did not occur in our patients, mask chewing may pose a potential choking hazard. Awareness of mask chewing may help in improving pediatric PAP mask development to ensure masks are safe. Support (if any):

Obstructive sleep apnea prevents the expected difference in craniofacial growth of boys and girls

OBJECTIVES: It was to compare cephalometric measures of mouth-breather boys and girls and with the cephalometric pattern observed in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) patients. METHODS: Craniofacial measurements of lateral cephalometric radiographs obtained from 144 children aged 7-14 years were compared between boys and girls, and both were compared to cephalometric pattern of OSAS patients. RESULTS: Mouth-breather boys and girls had no gender differences regarding to craniofacial morphology while nose-breather boys and girls showed those expected differences. Nose-breather boys presented a more retruded mandible and proinclined upper incisor when compared to nose-breather girls, but mouth-breather boys and girls had no differences. The measure NS.GoGn was the only variable with an interaction with gender and breathing. CONCLUSIONS: There were no cephalometric difference in mouth breather-boys and girls related to normal growth, suggesting that oral breathing make the same craniofacial morphology and both have craniofacial morphology close to that of OSAS patients.