The collection of materials of the IV all-Russian scientific and practical conference «Modern trends in museums and museology» presents reports of employees of Russian research institutes, leading museums of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus, the Republic of Kazakhstan, teachers of higher educational institutions, representatives of cultural institutions. They reflect a wide range of topical issues related to the development of the theory and practice of Museum business in modern conditions at the international, national and regional levels. Important attention is paid to socio-cultural practices for the development of historical and cultural heritage, digitalization of the Museum sphere and its adaptation to the conditions of the pandemic. The publication will be interesting for specialists in the field of history of science and culture, heritage management, Museum studies and cultural studies, teachers of universities, employees of museums and libraries, local historians.