scholarly journals Diagnosing ocean feedbacks to the MJO: SST-modulated surface fluxes and the moist static energy budget

2016 ◽  
Vol 121 (14) ◽  
pp. 8350-8373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte A. DeMott ◽  
James J. Benedict ◽  
Nicholas P. Klingaman ◽  
Steven J. Woolnough ◽  
David A. Randall
Keyword(s):  
Energy Budget ◽  
Surface Fluxes ◽  
Moist Static Energy ◽  
Moist Static Energy Budget ◽  
Static Energy

scholarly journals Moist Static Energy Budget of the MJO during DYNAMO

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (11) ◽  
pp. 4276-4291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Sobel ◽  
Shuguang Wang ◽  
Daehyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Energy Budget ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Turbulent Fluxes ◽  
Radiative Heating ◽  
Moist Static Energy ◽  
Horizontal Advection ◽  
Vertical Advection ◽  
Moist Static Energy Budget ◽  
Static Energy

Abstract The authors analyze the column-integrated moist static energy budget over the region of the tropical Indian Ocean covered by the sounding array during the Cooperative Indian Ocean Experiment on Intraseasonal Variability in the Year 2011 (CINDY2011)/Dynamics of the Madden–Julian Oscillation (DYNAMO) field experiment in late 2011. The analysis is performed using data from the sounding array complemented by additional observational datasets for surface turbulent fluxes and atmospheric radiative heating. The entire analysis is repeated using the ECMWF Interim Re-Analysis (ERA-Interim). The roles of surface turbulent fluxes, radiative heating, and advection are quantified for the two MJO events that occurred in October and November using the sounding data; a third event in December is also studied in the ERA-Interim data. These results are consistent with the view that the MJO’s moist static energy anomalies grow and are sustained to a significant extent by the radiative feedbacks associated with MJO water vapor and cloud anomalies and that propagation of the MJO is associated with advection of moist static energy. Both horizontal and vertical advection appear to play significant roles in the events studied here. Horizontal advection strongly moistens the atmosphere during the buildup to the active phase of the October event when the low-level winds switch from westerly to easterly. Horizontal advection strongly dries the atmosphere in the wake of the active phases of the November and December events as the westerlies associated with off-equatorial cyclonic gyres bring subtropical dry air into the convective region from the west and north. Vertical advection provides relative moistening ahead of the active phase and drying behind it, associated with an increase of the normalized gross moist stability.

scholarly journals Dr. Yanai’s Contributions to the Discovery and Science of the MJO

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 4.1-4.18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric D. Maloney ◽  
Chidong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Potential Energy ◽  
Energy Budget ◽  
Momentum Transport ◽  
Energy Budgets ◽  
Equatorial Waves ◽  
Madden Julian Oscillation ◽  
Moist Static Energy ◽  
Moist Static Energy Budget ◽  
Static Energy

Abstract This chapter reviews Professor Michio Yanai’s contributions to the discovery and science of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO). Professor Yanai’s work on equatorial waves played an inspirational role in the MJO discovery by Roland Madden and Paul Julian. Professor Yanai also made direct and important contributions to MJO research. These research contributions include work on the vertically integrated moist static energy budget, cumulus momentum transport, eddy available potential energy and eddy kinetic energy budgets, and tropical–extratropical interactions. Finally, Professor Yanai left a legacy through his students, who continue to push the bounds of MJO research.

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