Impact of whole-genome duplication events on diversification rates in angiosperms

AbstractIf particular traits consistently affect rates of speciation and extinction, broad macroevolutionary patterns can be understood as consequences of selection at high levels of the biological hierarchy. Identifying traits associated with diversification rate differences is complicated by the wide variety of characters under consideration and the statistical challenges of testing for associations from comparative phylogenetic data. Ploidy (diploid vs. polyploid states) and breeding system (self-incompatible vs. self-compatible states) have been repeatedly suggested as possible drivers of differential diversification. We investigate the connections of these traits, including their interaction, to speciation and extinction rates in Solanaceae. We show that the effect of ploidy on diversification can be largely explained by its correlation with breeding system and that additional unknown factors, alongside breeding system, influence diversification rates. These results are largely robust to allowing for diploidization. Finally, we find that the most common evolutionary pathway to polyploidy in Solanaceae occurs via direct breakdown of self-incompatibility by whole genome duplication, rather than indirectly via breakdown followed by polyploidization.

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Bioinformatic methods applied to the analysis of the genes retained after the whole genome duplication events in the sterlet genome (Acipenser ruthenus)

2020 Cognitive Sciences, Genomics and Bioinformatics (CSGB) ◽

10.1109/csgb51356.2020.9214587 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mikhail Fofanov ◽

Tatyana Sheglova ◽

Vladimir Trifonov ◽

Manfred Schartl

Keyword(s):

Whole Genome Duplication ◽

Genome Duplication ◽

Whole Genome ◽

Acipenser Ruthenus ◽

Duplication Events

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Gene-dosage issues: a recurrent theme in whole genome duplication events

Trends in Genetics ◽

10.1016/j.tig.2021.06.006 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Reiner A. Veitia ◽

James A. Birchler

Keyword(s):

Whole Genome Duplication ◽

Genome Duplication ◽

Gene Dosage ◽

Whole Genome ◽

Duplication Events ◽

Recurrent Theme

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Artificial whole genome duplication in paleopolyploid sturgeons yields highest documented chromosome number in vertebrates

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-76680-4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ievgen Lebeda ◽

Petr Ráb ◽

Zuzana Majtánová ◽

Martin Flajšhans

Keyword(s):

Chromosome Numbers ◽

Whole Genome Duplication ◽

Genome Duplication ◽

Mitotic Division ◽

Chromosome Count ◽

Whole Genome ◽

Acipenser Baerii ◽

Ploidy Levels ◽

Duplication Events ◽

C Value

AbstractCritically endangered sturgeons, having undergone three whole genome duplication events, represent an exceptional example of ploidy plasticity in vertebrates. Three extant ploidy groups, combined with autopolyploidization, interspecific hybridization and the fertility of hybrids are important issues in sturgeon conservation and aquaculture. Here we demonstrate that the sturgeon genome can undergo numerous alterations of ploidy without severe physiological consequences, producing progeny with a range of ploidy levels and extremely high chromosome numbers. Artificial suppression of the first mitotic division alone, or in combination with suppression of the second meiotic division of functionally tetraploid zygotes (4n, C-value = 4.15) of Siberian sturgeon Acipenser baerii and Russian sturgeon A. gueldenstaedtii resulted in progeny of various ploidy levels—diploid/hexaploid (2n/6n) mosaics, hexaploid, octoploid juveniles (8n), and dodecaploid (12n) larvae. Counts between 477 to 520 chromosomes in octoploid juveniles of both sturgeons confirmed the modal chromosome numbers of parental species had been doubled. This exceeds the highest previously documented chromosome count among vertebrates 2n ~ 446 in the cyprinid fish Ptychobarbus dipogon.

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