Wild capuchins (cebus capucinus) fail to use tools

1. Virulent influenza bacilli, when injected into the nose and throat of monkeys (Cebus capucinus and Macacus syrichtus), excite an acute inflammation of the upper respiratory tract, characterized by swelling and hyperemia of the mucous membrane, infiltration of the mucosa and subrnucosa with leucocytes, desquamation of epithelial cells, and the production of a mucopurulent exudate. The accessory sinuses are often implicated in the infection. 2. Experimental Bacillus influenzæ infections of the upper respiratory tract are frequently accompanied or followed by bronchiolitis, peribronchial infiltration, and bronchopneumonia with hemorrhage and edema in the early stage, emphysema and bronchiectasis in the later stages. In general, the process closely resembles uncomplicated Bacillus influenzæ pneumonia in man. 3. The injection of virulent influenza bacilli directly into the trachea of monkeys induces in them an experimental bronchiolitis and hemorrhagic bronchopneumonia, similar in all respects to spontaneous Bacillus influenzæ pneumonia. 4. In experimental Bacillus influenzæinfections of either the upper or lower respiratory tract the influenza bacillus can usually be recovered during .the acute stage by culture, either pure or in association with other bacteria. 5. In experimental Bacillus influenzæ infections in monkeys characteristic changes occur in the thymus gland—hyperplasia of the follicles, distention of the lymphatic channels, and infiltration of the parenchyma with leucocytes. This enlargement appears to be merely part of a general hyperplasia of the lymphoid structures in the cervical and thoracic regions.

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Alpha Male Capuchins (Cebus capucinus imitator) as Keystone Individuals

Primate Life Histories, Sex Roles, and Adaptability - Developments in Primatology: Progress and Prospects ◽

10.1007/978-3-319-98285-4_6 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 91-115 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Katharine M. Jack ◽

Linda M. Fedigan

Keyword(s):

Cebus Capucinus ◽

Alpha Male

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Use of a club by a wild white-faced capuchin (Cebus capucinus) to attack a venomous snake (Bothrops asper)

American Journal of Primatology ◽

10.1002/ajp.1350140208 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 177-179 ◽

Cited By ~ 105

Author(s):

S. Boinski

Keyword(s):

Cebus Capucinus ◽

Venomous Snake ◽

Bothrops Asper

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Acoustic Determinants to Group-Specific Vocalizations and Dialect: The Effects of Environment on Infant Vocalizations of Cebus capucinus, and Utilizing Two Field Sites with a Shared Taxon for a Comparative Ecological Study

Central American Biodiversity ◽

10.1007/978-1-4939-2208-6_20 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 487-493

Author(s):

Andrew R. Halloran ◽

Sarah Mancz

Keyword(s):

Ecological Study ◽

Cebus Capucinus ◽

Infant Vocalizations

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Habitual Stone-Tool Aided Extractive Foraging in White-Faced Capuchins, Cebus Capucinus

10.1101/351619 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Brendan J Barrett ◽

Claudio M Monteza-moreno ◽

Tamara DOGANDŽIĆ ◽

Nicolas Zwyns ◽

Alicia IBÁÑEZ ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tool Use ◽

National Park ◽

Resource Limitation ◽

Stone Tools ◽

Cebus Capucinus ◽

Hermit Crabs ◽

Stone Tool ◽

Extractive Foraging ◽

First Case ◽

One Year

ABSTRACTHabitual reliance on tool use is a marked behavioral difference between wild robust (genus Sapajus) and gracile (genus Cebus) capuchin monkeys. Despite being well studied and having a rich repertoire of social and extractive foraging traditions, Cebus sp have rarely been observed engaging in tool use and have never been reported to use stone tools. In contrast, habitual tool use and stone-tool use by Sapajus is widespread. We discuss factors which might explain these differences in patterns of tool use between Cebus and Sapajus. We then report the first case of habitual stone-tool use in a gracile capuchin: a population of white-faced capuchins (Cebus capucinus imitator) in Coiba National Park, Panama who habitually rely on hammerstone and anvil tool use to access structurally protected food items in coastal areas including Terminalia catappa seeds, hermit crabs, marine snails, terrestrial crabs, and other items. This behavior has persisted on one island in Coiba National Park since at least 2004. From one year of camera trapping, we found that stone tool use is strongly male-biased. Of the 205 unique camera-trap-days where tool use was recorded, adult females were never observed to use stone-tools, although they were frequently recorded at the sites and engaged in scrounging behavior. Stone-tool use occurs year-round in this population, and over half of all identifiable individuals were observed participating. At the most active tool use site, 83.2% of days where capuchins were sighted corresponded with tool use. Capuchins inhabiting the Coiba archipelago are highly terrestrial, under decreased predation pressure and potentially experience resource limitation compared to mainland populations– three conditions considered important for the evolution of stone tool use. White-faced capuchin tool use in Coiba National Park thus offers unique opportunities to explore the ecological drivers and evolutionary underpinnings of stone tool use in a comparative within- and between-species context.

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