ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF ALKYL HALIDES AND METHANESULFONATES WITH AQUEOUS POTASSIUM FLUORIDE IN THE PRESENCE OF PHASE TRANSFER CATALYSTS, A FACILE SYNTHESIS OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY ALKYL FLUORIDES

Primary phosphines, RPH2, may be synthesized selectively by alkylation of phosphine, PH3, with alkyl halides RX (R = Me, Et, n-Bu, 2-Bu, C16H33, CH2=CH–CH2, Ph–CH2, 2-Py–CH2–CH2; X = Cl, Br) and concentrated aqueous KOH as auxilliary base in dimethylsulfoxide as a solvent or in two phase systems employing phase transfer catalysts. Under more rigorous conditions secondary phosphines R2PH (R = Me, n-Bu, CH2=CH–CH2) are also accessible in good yields. Using 1,3-dibromo(chloro)-propane or -butane diprimary phosphines H2P–(CH2)2–CHR–PH2 (R = H, Me) are obtained, while 1,4-dibromopentane in a high yield cyclization reaction leads to 2-methylphospholane (12) with a chiral C-atom in a-position.

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Rapid, facile synthesis of conjugated polymer zwitterions in ionic liquids

Chemical Science ◽

10.1039/c4sc00475b ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

pp. 2368-2373 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Zachariah A. Page ◽

Feng Liu ◽

Thomas P. Russell ◽

Todd Emrick

Keyword(s):

Ionic Liquids ◽

Organic Solvents ◽

Conjugated Polymer ◽

Phase Transfer ◽

Polymer Synthesis ◽

Phosphine Ligands ◽

Facile Synthesis ◽

Phase Transfer Catalysts ◽

Volatile Organic

Ionic liquids (ILs) were utilized for the rapid air-stable Suzuki polymerization of polar zwitterionic thiophene monomers, precluding the need for volatile organic solvents, phosphine ligands and phase transfer catalysts typically used in conjugated polymer synthesis.

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ChemInform Abstract: A Novel and Efficient Synthesis of Alkyl Thiocyanates from Alkyl Halides in Water Using Phase Transfer Catalysts.

ChemInform ◽

10.1002/chin.201131087 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 42 (31) ◽

pp. no-no

Author(s):

Maryam Gorjizadeh ◽

Soheil Sayyahi

Keyword(s):

Phase Transfer ◽

Alkyl Halides ◽

Efficient Synthesis ◽

Phase Transfer Catalysts

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Green Application of Phase-Transfer Catalysis in Oxidation: A Comprehensive Review

Mini-Reviews in Organic Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1570193x16666190617154733 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 405-411

Author(s):

Chuan-Hui Wang ◽

Chen-Fu Liu ◽

Guo-Wu Rao

Keyword(s):

Organic Chemistry ◽

Green Chemistry ◽

Oxidation Reaction ◽

Phase Transfer Catalysis ◽

Phase Transfer ◽

Important Application ◽

Oxidation Reactions ◽

Comprehensive Review ◽

Phase Transfer Catalysts ◽

Onium Salts

Oxidation reactions have emerged as one of the most versatile tools in organic chemistry. Various onium salts such as ammonium, phosphonium, arsonium, bismuthonium, tellurium have been used as phase transfer catalysts in many oxidation reactions. Certainly, considerable catalysts have been widely used in Phase-Transfer Catalysis (PTC). This review focuses on the application of PTC in various oxidation reaction. Furthermore, PTC also conforms to the concept of “Green Chemistry”. • Oxidation has become one of the most widely used tools in organic chemistry and phase transfer catalysts has been widely used in oxidation. • The application of phase transfer catalysts in oxidation reaction will be summarized. • Phase transfer catalysts have important application in various oxidation reaction.

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Organocatalyzed Heterocyclic Transformations In Green Media: A Review

Current Organocatalysis ◽

10.2174/2213337207999200805115813 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 07 ◽

Author(s):

Neslihan Demirbas ◽

Ahmet Demirbas

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Bonding ◽

Phase Transfer ◽

Noncovalent Interactions ◽

Binding Capacity ◽

Chemical Transformations ◽

Organic Transformations ◽

Phase Transfer Catalysts ◽

Waste Production ◽

Synthetic Methodologies ◽

Organocatalytic Reactions

Background: Since the discovery of metal-free catalysts or organocatalysts about twenty years ago, a number of small molecules with different structures have been using to accelerate organic transformations. With the development of environmental awareness, in order to obtain highly privileged scaffolds, scientists have directed their studies towards the synthetic methodologies which minimize or preferably eliminate the formation of waste, avoid from toxic solvents and reagents and use renewable starting materials as far as possible. Methods: In this connection, the organocatalytic reactions providing efficiency and selectivity for most of case have become an endless topic in organic chemistry since several advantages from both practical and environmental standpoints. Organocatalysts supplying transformation of reactants into products with the least possible waste production have been serving to the concept of green chemistry. Results and Conclusion: Organocatalysts have been classified on the basis of their binding capacity to the substrate with covalently or noncovalent interactions involving hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction. Diverse types of small organic compounds including proline and its derivatives, phase-transfer catalysts, (thio)urease, phosphoric acids, sulfones, N-oxides, guanidines, cinchona derivatives, aminoindanol and amino acids have been utilized as hydrogen bonding organocatalysts in different chemical transformations.

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