scholarly journals Mirror therapy for phantom limb pain in moderate intellectual disability. A case report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annabel Folch ◽  
Daniel Gallo ◽  
Jordi Miró ◽  
Luis Salvador‐Carulla ◽  
Rafael Martínez‐Leal
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Phantom Limb Pain ◽  
Phantom Limb ◽  
Mirror Therapy ◽  
Limb Pain ◽  
Moderate Intellectual Disability

Poster 318: Treatment of Phantom Limb Pain in Recent Amputee with Virtual Reality Mirror Therapy: A Case Report

PM&R ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. S105-S106
Author(s):  
Phillip A. Ta ◽  
Bradley Chi ◽  
Brian L. Chau
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Phantom Limb Pain ◽  
Phantom Limb ◽  
Mirror Therapy ◽  
Limb Pain

Mirror therapy for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS)—A literature review and an illustrative case report

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 200-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samaa Al Sayegh ◽  
Tove Filén ◽  
Mats Johansson ◽  
Susanne Sandström ◽  
Gisela Stiewe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome ◽  
Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy ◽  
Phantom Limb Pain ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Physical Rehabilitation ◽  
Phantom Limb ◽  
Mirror Therapy ◽  
Limb Pain

AbstractBackground and purposeThis case of a 42 year old woman with lower extremity Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) after a twisting injury of the ankle, effectively treated with the addition of mirror therapy to a rehabilitation programme, prompted a literature review of both CRPS and mirror therapy. Mirror therapy is a newer adjunct to other forms of pain control and functional restoration for treatment of CRPS as well as other difficult clinical problems. This was a required group project as part of a university based course in chronic pain for healthcare workers.Materials and methodsThe PubMed database up to September 26,2012 was reviewed using four search word groups: “CRPS mirror therapy”, “mirror CRPS”, “reflex sympathetic dystrophy OR Complex Regional Pain Syndrome AND mirror” and “reflex sympathetic dystrophy OR Complex Regional Pain Syndrome AND mirror + RCT”. Nine studies from PubMed met the criteria that this working group had chosen for inclusion in the analysis of mirror therapy as treatment. These references were supplemented by others on CRPS in order to generate an adequate review of both the syndrome CRPS and mirror therapy itself. Some references were specific for mirror therapy in the treatment of CRPS but others described mirror therapy for the treatment of phantom limb pain, brachial plexus avulsion pain, for physical rehabilitation of stroke related paresis and for rehabilitation after hand surgery.ResultsCriteria for the diagnosis of CRPS including the International Association for the Study of Pain criteria and the Budapest criteria are reviewed with an emphasis on the specificity and sensitivity of the various criteria for clinical and research purposes. The signs and symptoms of CRPS are a part of the criteria review.The main treatment strategy for CRPS is physical rehabilitation for return of function and mirror therapy is one of many possible strategies to aid in this goal.The patient in this case report had failed many of the adjunctive therapies and rehabilitation had been unsuccessful until the addition of mirror therapy. She then could progress with physical rehabilitation and return to a more normal life. Mirror therapy techniques are briefly described as part of a discussion of its success with relationship to signs and symptoms as well as to the duration of CRPS (and other syndromes). Some discussion of the theories of the central effects of both CRPS and phantom limb pain and how these are affected by mirror therapy is included.An analysis of the 9 most relevant articles plus a critique of each is present in table form for review.ConclusionsThere appears to be a clear indication for the use of mirror therapy to be included in the multidisciplinary treatment of CRPS types 1 and 2 with a positive effect on both pain and motor function. There is also evidence that mirror therapy can be helpful in other painful conditions such as post stroke pain and phantom limb pain.ImplicationsCRPS is often overlooked as an explanation for obscure pain problems. Prompt diagnosis is essential for effective treatment. Mirror therapy is a newer technique, easy to perform and can be a useful adjunct to aid physical rehabilitation and decrease pain in this population. Much further prospective research on mirror therapy in CRPS is ongoing and is needed to systematize the technique, to clarify the effects and to define the place of this therapy in the multidisciplinary management of CRPS.

A case report of Milnacipran in phantom-limb pain

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harsh Chalana
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Phantom Limb Pain ◽  
Phantom Limb ◽  
Limb Pain

Lumbar ganglion chemical sympathectomy in phantom limb pain—case report

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (Suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
J. Grzesiak ◽  
J. Les ◽  
M. Baranski ◽  
W. Gdowski ◽  
R. Bak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Phantom Limb Pain ◽  
Phantom Limb ◽  
Chemical Sympathectomy ◽  
Limb Pain

Spinal Cord Stimulation in The Treatment of Phantom Limb Pain: A Case Report and Review of Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Rupesh Raut ◽  
Shahzad Shams ◽  
Muddassar Rasheed ◽  
Azam Niaz ◽  
Waqas Mehdi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Spinal Cord Stimulation ◽  
Phantom Limb Pain ◽  
Phantom Limb ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Limb Pain

scholarly journals Brachial Plexus Block in Phantom Limb Pain: A Case Report

Pain Medicine ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1649-1654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Preißler ◽  
Caroline Dietrich ◽  
Winfried Meissner ◽  
Ralph Huonker ◽  
Gunther O. Hofmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Brachial Plexus Block ◽  
Phantom Limb Pain ◽  
Phantom Limb ◽  
Limb Pain ◽  
Plexus Block

Phantom limb pain treated with therapeutic touch: A case report

2000 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 522-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric D. Leskowitz
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Phantom Limb Pain ◽  
Therapeutic Touch ◽  
Phantom Limb ◽  
Limb Pain

Mirror Therapy and Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation for Management of Phantom Limb Pain in Amputees - A Single Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merlyn Tilak ◽  
Serin Anna Isaac ◽  
Jebaraj Fletcher ◽  
Lenny Thinagaran Vasanthan ◽  
Rajalakshmi Sankaran Subbaiah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Phantom Limb Pain ◽  
Phantom Limb ◽  
Mirror Therapy ◽  
Limb Pain ◽  
Electrical Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Randomized Controlled

A Virtual Reality Intervention for the Treatment of Phantom Limb Pain: Development and Feasibility Results

Pain Medicine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 2051-2059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Rutledge ◽  
Deborah Velez ◽  
Colin Depp ◽  
John R McQuaid ◽  
Garland Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Phantom Limb Pain ◽  
Phantom Limb ◽  
Mirror Therapy ◽  
Limb Pain ◽  
Baseline Visit ◽  
Adverse Experiences ◽  
Treatment Measures ◽  
User Ratings ◽  
Very High

Abstract Objective To describe the development of a virtual reality (VR) treatment for phantom limb pain (PLP) and phantom sensations and provide feasibility data from testing the treatment in a population of veterans. Design & Subjects Fourteen participants completed a baseline visit evaluating their amputation, PLP, and phantom sensations. Subsequently, participants completed a VR treatment modeled after mirror therapy for PLP, navigating in a VR environment with a bicycle pedaler and motion sensor to pair their cadence to a VR avatar. The VR avatar enabled visualization of the participant’s intact phantom limb in motion, a hypothesized mechanism of mirror therapy. Setting Laboratory. Methods Participants completed pre- and post-treatment measures to evaluate changes in PLP, phantom sensations, and rate helpfulness, realism, immersion, adverse experiences, and treatment satisfaction. Results Eight of 14 participants (57.1%) reported PLP pre–VR treatment, and 93% (13/14) reported one or more unpleasant phantom sensations. After treatment, 28.6% (4/14) continued to report PLP symptoms (t[13] = 2.7, P = 0.02, d = 0.53) and 28.6% (4/14) reported phantom sensations (t[13] = 4.4, P = 0.001, d = 1.7). Ratings of helpfulness, realism, immersion, and satisfaction were uniformly high to very high. There were no adverse experiences. Four participants completed multiple VR treatments, showing stable improvements in PLP intensity and phantom sensations and high user ratings. Conclusions This feasibility study of a novel VR intervention for PLP was practical and was associated with significant reductions in PLP intensity and phantom sensations. Our findings support continued research in VR-based treatments in PLP, with a need for direct comparisons between VR and more established PLP treatments.

Preamputation Mirror Therapy May Prevent Development of Phantom Limb Pain: A Case Series

2010 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 611-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven R. Hanling ◽  
Scott C. Wallace ◽  
Kerry J. Hollenbeck ◽  
Brian D. Belnap ◽  
Matthew R. Tulis
Keyword(s):  
Case Series ◽  
Phantom Limb Pain ◽  
Phantom Limb ◽  
Mirror Therapy ◽  
Limb Pain
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