A Liberian collection of the smut fungus Sporisorium rhytachnes-rottboellioidis on Rhytachne rottboellioides, hitherto known only from the type collection from Uganda, has been discovered. The type specimen of S. rhytachnes-rottboellioidis was re-studied. A new combination, Anthracocystis rhytachnes-rottboellioidis, is proposed to accommodate this fungus. The new record extends the geographical range of A. rhytachnes-rottboellioidis from Central East Africa to West Africa. A new combination, Anthracocystis urelytri, is introduced to accommodate Sorosporium urelytri. A key to the smut fungi of Anthracocystis on Rhytachne and Urelytrum is provided.
