North — South Trade and the Sustainability of Economic Growth: A Model with Environmental Constraints

2005 ◽  
pp. 1-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Cabo ◽  
Guiomar Martín-Herrán ◽  
María Pilar Martínez-García
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Environmental Constraints

Macroeconomic Policy in an Environmentally-Constrained Economy: A Dialectical Materialist Application of the Harrod Growth Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 544-552
Author(s):  
Alfredo R.M. Rosete ◽  
Hendrik Van den Berg
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Employment Growth ◽  
Full Employment ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Natural Growth ◽  
Environmental Constraints ◽  
Growth Path ◽  
Resource Constrained ◽  
Macroeconomic Policies ◽  
Macroeconomic Models

After the 2007 financial crisis, most macroeconomists advocated policies to restore economic growth, disregarding the constraints imposed by nature. Because standard macroeconomic models ignore environmental constraints, we propose reviving Harrod’s dynamic model as a useful abstraction of the dialectic of an evolving macroeconomy. Harrod’s model describes how environmental constraints can push the economy into recession, and it explains why traditional macroeconomic policies are unable to put a resource-constrained economy back on a full employment growth path. By clarifying the dialectic conflicts between desired economic growth and natural growth, Harrod’s model also reveals what types of policies can achieve full employment in a resource-constrained economy. JEL Classification: O44, E61, O41, P51

Preliminary Report of a Comparative Study of Seminiferous Tubular Epithelium from Rats Flown on Cosmos 1887 and SL3

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 276-277
Author(s):  
Walter J. Sapp ◽  
D.E. Philpott ◽  
C.S. Williams ◽  
K. Kato ◽  
J. Stevenson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Space Flight ◽  
Physiological Response ◽  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Environmental Constraints ◽  
Tubular Epithelium ◽  
Testicular Weight ◽  
Testicular Morphology ◽  
Normal Offspring ◽  
Rats And Mice

Space flight, with its unique environmental constraints such as immobilization, decreased and increased pressures, and radiation, is known to affect testicular morphology and spermatogenesis. Selye, summarized the manifestations of physiological response to nonspecific stress and he pointed out that atrophy of the gonads always occurred. Reports of data collected from two dogs flown in space for 22 days (Cosmos 110) indicate that there was an increase of 30 to 70% atypical spermatozoa when compared to ground based controls. Seventy-five days after the flight the abnormalities had decreased to the high normal value of 30% and mating of these dogs after this period produced normal offspring, suggesting complete recovery. Effects of immobilization and increased gravity were investigated by spinning rats and mice at 2x g for 8-9 weeks. A decrease in testicular weight was noted in spun animals when compared to controls. Immobilization has been show to cause arrest of spermatogenesis in Macaca meminstrins.

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