Event-related Brain Potentials: A Tool in the Study of Human Information Processing

1979 ◽  
pp. 13-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuel Donchin
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Human Information Processing ◽  
Brain Potentials

Schizophrenia and Cluster A Personality Disorders

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tullio Scrimali ◽  
Liria Grimaldi
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Research Program ◽  
Electrodermal Activity ◽  
Human Information Processing ◽  
Brain Potentials ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Cluster A

The authors have conducted a research program on the interface between psychophysiology and cognitive therapy for a number of years. Here, they describe a recent study concerning schizophrenia and cluster A personality disorders (paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal). They studied some psychophysiological parameters such as evoked brain potentials and electrodermal activity as well as other aspects concerning parenting. This last topic was investigated by means of the parental bonding instrument. Three groups participated in this study: 10 schizophrenic patients, 10 patients affected by cluster A personality disorders (5 paranoid, 1 schizoid and 4 schizotypal) and 10 controls. The authors found some specific, different patterns among the three groups concerning arousal, human information processing and attachment. These results are discussed in the light of their implications for cognitive therapy. The authors give different guidelines for cognitive therapy of schizophrenic patients and cluster A personality disorder.

Event-Related Brain Potentials and Psychology Course Mean Examination Grades

1993 ◽  
Vol 76 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1387-1394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita M. Bush ◽  
Charles R. Geist ◽  
Scott Emery
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Human Information Processing ◽  
High Association ◽  
Brain Potentials ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Psychology Course ◽  
Human Electroencephalogram

Since 1965 research into the event-related brain potentials of the human electroencephalogram suggests that these EEG components are closely related to human information-processing activities. In this study were tested 21 normal adult university students (12 women, 9 men, ages 19 to 51 years) from the Alaskan subarctic, using both the auditory and visual event-related potential oddball paradigms. The event-related brain potential recordings were analyzed as explanatory variables of academic performance, as measured by the mean of a series of multiple-choice examinations covering lecture and text material. No high association between these brain electrophysiological measures and students' academic performance was observed. At best, one component explained 27.6% of the variation in mean examination grades.

Information transformation: Some missing links

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-172
Author(s):  
Ivan P. Vaghely ◽  
Pierre-André Julien ◽  
André Cyr
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Knowledge Creation ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Human Information Processing ◽  
Process Information ◽  
Information Transformation ◽  
Efficient Information

Using grounded theory along with participant observation and interviews the authors explore how individuals in organizations process information. They build a model of human information processing which links the cognitivist-constructionist perspective to an algorithmic-heuristic continuum. They test this model using non-parametric procedures and find interesting results showing links to efficient information processing outcomes such as contributions to decision-making, knowledge-creation and innovation. They also identify some elements of best practice by efficient human information processing individuals whom they call the “information catalysts”.

BASE RATE NEGLECT FOR THE WEALTH OF INTERACTING PEOPLE

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (05) ◽  
pp. 607-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
DIEMO URBIG
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Social Learning ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Base Rate ◽  
Human Information Processing ◽  
Base Rates ◽  
Base Rate Neglect ◽  
Positive Externalities ◽  
Rate Information

Previous research investigating base rate neglect as a bias in human information processing has focused on isolated individuals. This study complements this research by showing that in settings of interacting individuals, especially in settings of social learning, where individuals can learn from one another, base rate neglect can increase a population's welfare. This study further supports the research arguing that a population with members biased by neglecting base rates does not need to perform worse than a population with unbiased members. Adapting the model of social learning suggested by Bikhchandani, Hirshleifer and Welch (The Journal of Political Economy100 (1992) 992–1026) and including base rates that differ from generic cases such as 50–50, conditions are identified that make underweighting base rate information increasing the population's welfare. The base rate neglect can start a social learning process that otherwise had not been started and thus base rate neglect can generate positive externalities improving a population's welfare.

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