Schizophrenia and Cluster A Personality Disorders

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tullio Scrimali ◽  
Liria Grimaldi
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Research Program ◽  
Electrodermal Activity ◽  
Human Information Processing ◽  
Brain Potentials ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Cluster A

The authors have conducted a research program on the interface between psychophysiology and cognitive therapy for a number of years. Here, they describe a recent study concerning schizophrenia and cluster A personality disorders (paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal). They studied some psychophysiological parameters such as evoked brain potentials and electrodermal activity as well as other aspects concerning parenting. This last topic was investigated by means of the parental bonding instrument. Three groups participated in this study: 10 schizophrenic patients, 10 patients affected by cluster A personality disorders (5 paranoid, 1 schizoid and 4 schizotypal) and 10 controls. The authors found some specific, different patterns among the three groups concerning arousal, human information processing and attachment. These results are discussed in the light of their implications for cognitive therapy. The authors give different guidelines for cognitive therapy of schizophrenic patients and cluster A personality disorder.

Pattern of Comorbidity Among Anxious and Odd Personality Disorders: The Case of Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 23-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Rossi ◽  
Maria Grazia Marinangeli ◽  
Giancarlo Butti ◽  
Artemis Kalyvoka ◽  
Concetta Petruzzi
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Odds Ratios ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Cluster A ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder

AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine the pattern of comorbidity among obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) and other personality disorders (PDs) in a sample of 400 psychiatric inpatients. PDs were assessed using the Semistructured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R Personality Disorders (SCID-II). Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated to determine significant comorbidity among OCPD and other axis II disorders. The most elevated odds ratios were found for the cooccurrence of OCPD with cluster A PDs (the “odd” PDs, or paranoid and schizoid PDs). These results are consistent with those of previous studies showing a higher cooccurrence of OCPD with cluster A than with cluster C (“anxious”) PDs. In light of these observations, issues associated with the nosologic status of OCPD within the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders clustering system remain unsettled.

Personality Traits and Disorders Among Adult ADHD Patients: Is Borderline Personality Disorder as Common as we Expect?

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S258-S258 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Oliva ◽  
S. Bramante ◽  
A. Portigliatti Pomeri ◽  
C. Carezana ◽  
G. Nibbio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Personality Profiles ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Cluster A ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Low Prevalence

IntroductionPatients with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) have shown a high risk to develop a DSM cluster B (i.e., Borderline, OR = 13.16; Antisocial, OR = 3.03; Narcissistic, OR = 8.69) and DSM Avoidant personality disorder (OR = 9.77). Similarly, higher rates of DSM cluster B personality disorder were found among adult ADHD patients (6-25%) than general population. Although some authors investigated the prevalence of personality traits and disorders among adult ADHD patients, no studies have been yet reported about the assessment of Millon's Evolution-Based Personality profiles in adult ADHD patients.AimsTo explore the prevalence of personality traits and disorders among adult ADHD patients.MethodsMillon's personality traits and disorders were assessed in a consecutive sample of 35 adult ADHD outpatients accessing the Service for Adult ADHD of the AOU San Luigi Gonzaga (Orbassano, TO) using the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory–III (MCMI-III).ResultsAccording to the MCMI-III manual, ADHD patients in our sample showed more frequently both Cluster C and Cluster A traits and disorders, with a high prevalence of avoidant/depressive (8.6%/14.3%) and negativistic/self-defeating (20%/5.7%) personality disorders. Conversely, we found a low prevalence of Narcissistic (5.7%) and Histrionic (5.7%) traits, and no patient showed Borderline personality traits or disorder.ConclusionsUnexpectedly, the dimensional assessment of adult ADHD personality reveals a high prevalence of cluster C and cluster A personality traits and disorders, and a low prevalence of cluster B personality disorders.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Personality Disorders and Suicide Attempts

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S506-S506
Author(s):  
O.W. Muquebil Ali Al Shaban Rodriguez ◽  
J.R. López Fernández ◽  
C. Huergo Lora ◽  
S. Ocio León ◽  
M.J. Hernández González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Patterns Of Behavior ◽  
Cluster A ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Clear Relation ◽  
Clinical Cases

IntroductionThe personality disorders are defined according to the DSM-5 like “an enduring maladaptive patterns of behavior, cognition and inner experience, exhibited across many contexts and deviating markedly from those accepted by the individual's cultures. These patterns develop in adolescence and the beginning of adulthood, and are associated with significant distress or disability”. The personality disorders can be a risk factor for different processes of the psychiatric pathology like suicide. The personality disorders are classified in 3 groups according to the DSM-5:– cluster A (strange subjects): paranoid, schizoid and schizotypal;– cluster B (immature subjects): antisocial, bordeline, histrionic and narcissistic;– cluster C (frightened subjects): avoidant, dependent and obsessive-compulsive.AimsTo describe the influence of personality disorders in suicide attempts.MethodologyExhibition of clinical cases.ResultsIn this case report, we exhibit three clinical cases of suicide attempts which correspond to a type of personality disorder belonging to each of the three big groups of the DSM-5 classification, specifically the paranoid disorder of the cluster A, the disorder borderline of cluster B and the obsessive compulsive of cluster C.ConclusionsThe personality disorders have a clear relation with the suicide attempts, increasing this influence in some of them, especially the borderline personality disorder.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Cognitive Therapy for Generalized Anxiety Disorder: Significance of Comorbid Personality Disorders

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
William C. Sanderson ◽  
Aaron T. Beck ◽  
Lata K. McGinn
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Beck Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference

Thirty-two patients diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder were treated with cognitive therapy. Patients attended weekly one-hour sessions and there was no predetermined duration of treatment. Prior to treatment, each patient was evaluated for a comorbid personality disorder (PD) using the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-ffi-R Personality Disorders (SCID-II). Patients completed the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) at the intake evaluation and at their final session. Sixteen of the 32 patients were diagnosed with a comorbid PD at the intake evaluation. A total of 22 patients completed a minimum course of cognitive therapy, which was defined as six sessions. Overall, there was a significant reduction of BAI and BDI scores for patients with and without a PD. There was no significant difference between the two groups. However, patients with a comorbid PD were more likely to drop out of treatment Seven of the 10 dropouts had a comorbid PD as compared to only 9 out of the 22 completers.

Event-Related Brain Potentials and Psychology Course Mean Examination Grades

1993 ◽  
Vol 76 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1387-1394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita M. Bush ◽  
Charles R. Geist ◽  
Scott Emery
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Human Information Processing ◽  
High Association ◽  
Brain Potentials ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Psychology Course ◽  
Human Electroencephalogram

Since 1965 research into the event-related brain potentials of the human electroencephalogram suggests that these EEG components are closely related to human information-processing activities. In this study were tested 21 normal adult university students (12 women, 9 men, ages 19 to 51 years) from the Alaskan subarctic, using both the auditory and visual event-related potential oddball paradigms. The event-related brain potential recordings were analyzed as explanatory variables of academic performance, as measured by the mean of a series of multiple-choice examinations covering lecture and text material. No high association between these brain electrophysiological measures and students' academic performance was observed. At best, one component explained 27.6% of the variation in mean examination grades.

scholarly journals Review of pharmacologic treatment in cluster A personality disorders

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessa Koch ◽  
Taylor Modesitt ◽  
Melissa Palmer ◽  
Sarah Ward ◽  
Bobbie Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Schizotypal Personality Disorder ◽  
Pharmacologic Treatment ◽  
Schizotypal Personality ◽  
Schizoid Personality ◽  
Schizoid Personality Disorder ◽  
Paranoid Personality Disorder ◽  
Paranoid Personality ◽  
Cluster A

Abstract Introduction: A personality disorder is a pervasive and enduring pattern of behaviors that impacts an individual's social, occupational, and overall functioning. Specifically, the cluster A personality disorders include paranoid personality disorder, schizoid personality disorder, and schizotypal personality disorder. Patients with cluster A personality disorders tend to be isolative and avoid relationships. The quality of life may also be reduced in these individuals, which provokes the question of how to treat patients with these personality disorders. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the current literature for pharmacologic treatments for the cluster A personality disorders. Methods: A Medline/PubMed and Ovid search was conducted to identify literature on the psychopharmacology of paranoid personality disorder, schizoid personality disorder, and schizotypal personality disorder. There were no exclusions in terms of time frame from article publication or country of publication, in order to provide a comprehensive analysis; however, only articles that contained information on the cluster A disorders were included. Results: Minimal evidence regarding pharmacotherapy in paranoid and schizoid personality disorders was found. Literature was available for pharmacologic treatment of schizotypal personality disorder. Studies evaluating the use of olanzapine, risperidone, haloperidol, fluoxetine, and thiothixene did yield beneficial results; however, treatment with such agents should be considered on a case-by-case basis. Discussion: Most of the literature analyzed in this review presented theoretical ideas of what may constitute the neurobiologic factors of personality and what treatments may address these aspects. Further research is needed to evaluate specific pharmacologic treatment in the cluster A personality disorders. At this time, treatment with pharmacologic agents is based on theory rather than evidence.

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