scholarly journals Erratum to: Detection of Ultrafine Anaphase Bridges

2018 ◽  
pp. E1-E1
Author(s):  
Anna H. Bizard ◽  
Christian F. Nielsen ◽  
Ian D. Hickson
Keyword(s):  
Anaphase Bridges

scholarly journals An RNAi screen for genes that affect nuclear morphology in Caenorhabditis elegans reveals the involvement of unexpected processes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richa Maheshwari ◽  
Mohammad M Rahman ◽  
Daphna Joseph-Strauss ◽  
Orna Cohen-Fix
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Nuclear Pore Complex ◽  
Cellular Transformation ◽  
Rnai Screen ◽  
Nuclear Shape ◽  
Nuclear Pore ◽  
Nuclear Morphology ◽  
Anaphase Bridges ◽  
Early Embryos ◽  
Embryonic Viability

Abstract Aberration in nuclear morphology is one of the hallmarks of cellular transformation. However, the processes that, when mis-regulated, result aberrant nuclear morphology are poorly understood. In this study we carried out a systematic, high-throughput RNAi screen for genes that affect nuclear morphology in Caenorhabditis elegans embryos. The screen employed over 1700 RNAi constructs against genes required for embryonic viability. Nuclei of early embryos are typically spherical, and their NPCs are evenly distributed. The screen was performed on early embryos expressing a fluorescently tagged component of the nuclear pore complex (NPC), allowing visualization of nuclear shape as well as the distribution of NPCs around the nuclear envelope. Our screen uncovered 182 genes whose down-regulation resulted in one or more abnormal nuclear phenotypes, including multiple nuclei, micronuclei, abnormal nuclear shape, anaphase bridges and abnormal NPC distribution. Many of these genes fall into common functional groups, including some that were not previously known to affect nuclear morphology, such as genes involved in mitochondrial function, the vacuolar ATPase and the CCT chaperonin complex. The results of this screen add to our growing knowledge of processes that affect nuclear morphology and that may be altered in cancer cells that exhibit abnormal nuclear shape.

BIOSYSTEMATICS OF NORTH AMERICAN IPS (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE): HOPPING’S GROUP IX

1970 ◽  
Vol 102 (9) ◽  
pp. 1139-1163 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. N. Lanier
Keyword(s):  
Meiotic Metaphase ◽  
Interspecific Mating ◽  
Ecological Specialization ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Cytoplasmic Factor ◽  
Anaphase Bridges ◽  
High Propensity ◽  
Karyotypic Formula ◽  
Related Group ◽  
Ratio Condition

AbstractControlled mating experiments demonstrating total reproductive isolation, together with consistent differences in morphological and cytological detail, confirmed the validity of the closely related group IX Ips: grandicollis, cribricollis, lecontei, montanus, confusus, paraconfusus, and hoppingi. The latter two species, new to science, were formerly considered to be confusus.Matings between grandicollis from eastern Canada and North Carolina were subnormally fertile; other intraspecific matings between individuals of the same population or distant populations produced fully fertile progeny. Interspecific pairings usually resulted in insemination and normal-appearing egg galleries, but, with one exception, none of the eggs hatched.One montanus and two confusus, each mated by males of the same species, produced all-daughter broods. This "sex-ratio" condition appeared to be the result of a matrilineally transferred cytoplasmic factor lethal to male embryos only.At first meiotic metaphase all species had the karyotypic formula 15 AA + Xyp, and only grandicollis was easily differentiated by bivalent configuration or size sequence. Most other species showed diagnostic differences at meiotic prophase or second meiotic metaphase. Pairing disruptions and anaphase bridges occurred in grandicollis interpopulational hybrids; meiosis was normal in progeny from interpopulational pairings of confusus, paraconfusus, and montanus.In grandicollis the median struts of the male genitalia were 1.5 times longer than the median lobe. The struts/lobe ratios for other species approximated 1.00 but differences for most comparisons between species were statistically significant. The shape of the pars stridens on females was different for most species and mean widths of striations thereon ranged from 0.517 μ for paraconfusus to 0.876 μ for lecontei. This character provided absolute discrimination of females of confusus from those of paraconfusus and hoppingi but the latter two species were most easily separated by differences in the density of punctures in the elytral declivity.It is hypothesized that contiguous allopatry and differences in host and ecological specialization, evidenced in species of group IX, is maintained by their high propensity for interspecific mating which fails completely to produce progeny.

scholarly journals Structural and numerical chromosome changes in colon cancer develop through telomere-mediated anaphase bridges, not through mitotic multipolarity

2005 ◽  
Vol 102 (15) ◽  
pp. 5541-5546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Stewenius ◽  
L. Gorunova ◽  
T. Jonson ◽  
N. Larsson ◽  
M. Hoglund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Anaphase Bridges ◽  
Numerical Chromosome

scholarly journals Unresolved recombination intermediates lead to ultra-fine anaphase bridges, chromosome breaks and aberrations

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Wai Chan ◽  
Kasper Fugger ◽  
Stephen C. West
Keyword(s):  
Anaphase Bridges ◽  
Chromosome Breaks

scholarly journals The Aurora-B-dependent NoCut checkpoint prevents damage of anaphase bridges after DNA replication stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 516-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuno Amaral ◽  
Alexandre Vendrell ◽  
Charlotta Funaya ◽  
Fatima-Zahra Idrissi ◽  
Michael Maier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Replication ◽  
Replication Stress ◽  
Aurora B ◽  
Anaphase Bridges ◽  
Dna Replication Stress

Inaccuracy of Anaphase Bridges as a Measure of Radiation-induced Nuclear Damage

Nature ◽  
1957 ◽  
Vol 179 (4552) ◽  
pp. 208-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHELDON WOLFF ◽  
H. E. LUIPPOLD
Keyword(s):  
Anaphase Bridges ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Nuclear Damage

Cytotoxicity of essential oils from two species of Heterothalamus (Asteraceae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeri Schmidt-Silva ◽  
Ângela Pawlowski ◽  
Eliane Kaltchuk dos Santos ◽  
Cláudia Alcaraz Zini ◽  
Geraldo L. G. Soares
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Root Apical Meristem ◽  
Ecological Interactions ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Anaphase Bridges ◽  
Lettuce Seeds ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Treatment Analysis

Essential oils are widely found in plant species. They can be involved in a variety of ecological interactions and may act as inhibitors of germination, suppressing root apical-meristem growth in some species. The present study aimed to determine the potential cytotoxicity of essential oils from leaves of Heterothalamus psiadioides Less. and H. alienus (Sprengel) O.Kuntze on root tips of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and onion (Allium cepa L.). Lettuce seeds germinated with essential oils from H. psiadioides and H. alienus had a reduced mitotic index (MI) for all treatments. Onion seedlings treated with H. psiadioides oil showed a decrease in MI, and seedlings treated with H. alienus oil showed a decrease in MI of 89% in the most concentrated treatment. Analysis of the results showed chromosomal abnormalities, including stickiness, c-mitosis, micronuclei and anaphase bridges in lettuce and onion root tips exposed to essential oils of Heterothalamus.

scholarly journals An RNAi screen for genes that affect nuclear morphology in Caenorhabditis elegans reveals the involvement of unexpected processes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richa Maheshwari ◽  
Mohammad M Rahman ◽  
Daphna Joseph-Strauss ◽  
Orna Cohen-Fix
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Nuclear Pore Complex ◽  
Cellular Transformation ◽  
Rnai Screen ◽  
Nuclear Shape ◽  
Nuclear Pore ◽  
Nuclear Morphology ◽  
Anaphase Bridges ◽  
Early Embryos ◽  
Embryonic Viability

Aberration in nuclear morphology is one of the hallmarks of cellular transformation. However, the processes that, when mis-regulated, result aberrant nuclear morphology are poorly understood. In this study we carried out a systematic, high-throughput RNAi screen for genes that affect nuclear morphology in Caenorhabditis elegans embryos. The screen employed over 1700 RNAi constructs against genes required for embryonic viability. Nuclei of early embryos are typically spherical and their NPCs are evenly distributed. The screen was performed on early embryos expressing a fluorescently tagged component of the nuclear pore complex (NPC), allowing visualization of nuclear shape as well as the distribution of NPCs around the nuclear envelope. Our screen uncovered 182 genes whose down-regulation resulted in one or more abnormal nuclear phenotypes, including multiple nuclei, micronuclei, abnormal nuclear shape, anaphase bridges and abnormal NPC distribution. Many of these genes fall into common functional groups, including some that were not previously known to affect nuclear morphology, such as genes involved in mitochondrial function, the vacuolar ATPase and the CCT chaperonin complex. The results of this screen add to our growing knowledge of processes that affect nuclear morphology and that may be altered in cancer cells that exhibit abnormal nuclear shape.

scholarly journals Genome-scale genetic interactions position the Mitotic Exit Network as a major antagonist of transient Topoisomerase II deficiency

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramos-Pérez Cristina ◽  
Grant W Brown ◽  
Machín Félix
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Topoisomerase Ii ◽  
Gene Array ◽  
Mitotic Exit ◽  
Mitotic Catastrophe ◽  
Cycle Progression ◽  
Anaphase Bridges ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
Mitotic Exit Network ◽  
Genome Scale

AbstractTopoisomerase II (Top2) is the essential protein that resolves DNA catenations. When the Top2 is inactivated, mitotic catastrophe results from massive entanglement of chromosomes. Top2 is also the target of many first-line anticancer drugs, the so-called Top2 poisons. Often, tumours become resistant to these drugs by downregulating Top2. Here, we have compared two isogenic yeast strains carrying top2 thermosensitive alleles that differ in their resistance to Top2 poisons, the broadly-used poison-sensitive top2-4 and the poison-resistant top2-5. We found that top2-5 transits through anaphase faster than top2-4. In order to define the biological importance of this difference, we performed genome-scale Synthetic Gene Array (SGA) analyses during chronic sublethal Top2 downregulation and acute, yet transient, Top2 inactivation. We find that downregulation of cell cycle progression, especially the Mitotic Exit Network (MEN), protects against Top2 deficiency. In all conditions, genetic protection was stronger in top2-5, and this correlated with destabilization of anaphase bridges by execution of MEN. We suggest that mitotic exit may be a therapeutic target to hypersensitize cancer cells carrying downregulating mutations in TOP2.

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