The Role of Extreme Events in the Development of the Coastline in the Darlowko Area

2014 ◽  
pp. 95-108
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Merchel
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Events

Breaching of a barrier under extreme events. The role of morphodynamic simulations

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 951-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicente Gracia ◽  
Manuel García ◽  
Manel Grifoll ◽  
Agustín Sánchez-Arcilla
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Events

scholarly journals The role of soils in the regulation of hazards and extreme events

2021 ◽  
Vol 376 (1834) ◽  
pp. 20200178
Author(s):  
P. M. Saco ◽  
K. R. McDonough ◽  
J. F. Rodriguez ◽  
J. Rivera-Zayas ◽  
S. G. Sandi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Extreme Events ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Dust Storms ◽  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
World Population ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Ecosystem Component

The frequency and intensity of natural hazards and extreme events has increased throughout the last century, resulting in adverse socioeconomic and ecological impacts worldwide. Key factors driving this increase include climate change, the growing world population, anthropogenic activities and ecosystem degradation. One ecologically focused approach that has shown potential towards the mitigation of these hazard events is the concept of nature's contributions to people (or NCP), which focuses on enhancing the material and non-material benefits of an ecosystem to reduce hazard vulnerability and enhance overall human well-being. Soils, in particular, have been identified as a key ecosystem component that may offer critical hazard regulating functionality. Thus, this review investigates the modulating role of soils in the regulation of natural hazards and extreme events, with a focus on floods, droughts, landslides and sand/dust storms, within the context of NCP. This article is part of the theme issue ‘The role of soils in delivering Nature's Contributions to People’.

scholarly journals Northern Eurasian Heat Waves and Droughts

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 3169-3207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siegfried D. Schubert ◽  
Hailan Wang ◽  
Randal D. Koster ◽  
Max J. Suarez ◽  
Pavel Ya. Groisman
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Heat Wave ◽  
Extreme Events ◽  
Decadal Variability ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Precipitation Variability ◽  
Northern Eurasia ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Warming World

Abstract This article reviews the understanding of the characteristics and causes of northern Eurasian summertime heat waves and droughts. Additional insights into the nature of temperature and precipitation variability in Eurasia on monthly to decadal time scales and into the causes and predictability of the most extreme events are gained from the latest generation of reanalyses and from supplemental simulations with the NASA Goddard Earth Observing System model, version 5 (GEOS-5). Key new results are 1) the identification of the important role of summertime stationary Rossby waves in the development of the leading patterns of monthly Eurasian surface temperature and precipitation variability (including the development of extreme events such as the 2010 Russian heat wave); 2) an assessment of the mean temperature and precipitation changes that have occurred over northern Eurasia in the last three decades and their connections to decadal variability and global trends in SST; and 3) the quantification (via a case study) of the predictability of the most extreme simulated heat wave/drought events, with some focus on the role of soil moisture in the development and maintenance of such events. A literature survey indicates a general consensus that the future holds an enhanced probability of heat waves across northern Eurasia, while there is less agreement regarding future drought, reflecting a greater uncertainty in soil moisture and precipitation projections. Substantial uncertainties remain in the understanding of heat waves and drought, including the nature of the interactions between the short-term atmospheric variability associated with such extremes and the longer-term variability and trends associated with soil moisture feedbacks, SST anomalies, and an overall warming world.

Entrepreneurship: The role of extreme events

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. S78-S88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tilman Brück ◽  
Fernanda Llussá ◽  
José A. Tavares
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Events

scholarly journals Role of Maintenance in Reducing Building Vulnerability to Extreme Events

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lam Pham ◽  
Ekambaram Palaneeswaran ◽  
Rodney Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Events ◽  
Building Vulnerability

<p>The paper is to assess contribution of maintenance toward reducing building vulnerability to extreme weather events such as high wind, wild fire and flood. The aims are to gather technical knowledge to develop policy recommendations and guidelines for practice in Australia. Reducing building vulnerability to extreme events is one way of improving building resilience that is partly under the control of the building owners/occupiers. The performance of buildings will decease overtime without effective maintenance and their vulnerabilities to extreme events will increase. What are the opportunities to reduce building vulnerability via maintenance is the key question. Lack of consideration for maintenance during the design phase and lack of proper as-built documentation at completion of construction are the two main deficiencies of the Australian building system. The paper reviews the impacts of weather events in Australia. Losses due to storms, cyclones, wildfires and floods accounted for 96% to total losses due to disasters. Emerging risks for Australia are due to climate change, changes to construction practice and the introduction of new construction products without appropriate control. Maintenance activities currently carried out in Australia include (i) maintenance of essential safety measures, (ii) maintenance for habitability and</p><p>(iii) preventive maintenance for extreme events. Maintenance is considered as a post-construction activity and a responsibility for States and Territories governments. Opportunities for reducing building vulnerability vary with the types of events. For storms and cyclones, water penetration remains a recurring and costly issue. For floods, the opportunities for the owners/occupiers are mainly in preparation of the buildings before the floods and subsequent clean up and repairs. For wildfires, the main opportunity is in reducing the risk of ignition due to embers action with appropriate maintenance measures for the buildings and surrounding areas. The main recommendation of the research is to establish a building maintenance manual for each building with prescribed information including (i) as-built construction details relevant to maintenance, (ii) required preventive maintenance checklist.</p>

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