Role of the Medulla Oblongata in Plateau Wave Development in Dogs

1989 ◽  
pp. 232-234
Author(s):  
M. Hayashi ◽  
H. Ishii ◽  
Y. Handa ◽  
H. Kobayashi ◽  
H. Kawano
Keyword(s):  
Medulla Oblongata ◽  
Wave Development ◽  
Plateau Wave

Role of the medulla oblongata in plateau-wave development in dogs

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minoru Hayashi ◽  
Hisamasa Ishii ◽  
Yuji Handa ◽  
Hidenori Kobayashi ◽  
Hirokazu Kawano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stem ◽  
Reticular Formation ◽  
Medulla Oblongata ◽  
Cerebral Blood Volume ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Plateau Waves ◽  
Wave Development ◽  
The Brain

✓ Plateau waves reflect both dilatation of the cerebral vessels and an increase in the cerebral blood volume under increased intracranial pressure (ICP). They are often associated with changes in arterial blood pressure (BP) and respiration, suggesting a role of the brain stem in their development. In experiments conducted on dogs in which intracranial hypertension was induced by occluding the neck veins, the authors stimulated the brain-stem reticular formation in the medulla oblongata and caudal pons to identify the brain sites that produce plateau-like responses. A rise in ICP was observed following stimulation of most areas of the brain stem and was associated with changes in arterial BP, cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), cerebral blood flow (CBF), respiration, and pulse rate. The stimuli delivered to the medial reticular formation of the caudal medulla caused an arterial depressor response, a decrease in CPP and CBF, suppressed ventilation, and bradycardia; these responses were similar in many respects to plateau waves observed in clinical practice and almost corresponded to the depressor region of the vasomotor center. It is hypothesized that the medullary depressor area may play a role in eliciting cerebral vasomotor reaction concerned with the development of plateau waves in a state of increased ICP.

scholarly journals Role of the medulla oblongata in normal and high arterial blood pressure regulation: the contribution of Escola Paulista de Medicina - UNIFESP

2009 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 589-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio L. Cravo ◽  
Ruy R. Campos ◽  
Eduardo Colombari ◽  
Mônica A. Sato ◽  
Cássia M. Bergamaschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Medulla Oblongata ◽  
Neural Circuits ◽  
Ventrolateral Medulla ◽  
Vasomotor Tone ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
De Medicina

Several forms of experimental evidence gathered in the last 37 years have unequivocally established that the medulla oblongata harbors the main neural circuits responsible for generating the vasomotor tone and regulating arterial blood pressure. Our current understanding of this circuitry derives mainly from the studies of Pedro Guertzenstein, a former student who became Professor of Physiology at UNIFESP later, and his colleagues. In this review, we have summarized the main findings as well as our collaboration to a further understanding of the ventrolateral medulla and the control of arterial blood pressure under normal and pathological conditions.

Central Neurotransmitter Pathways for Baroreceptor-Initiated Secretion of Vasopressin

Physiology ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 90-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
WW Blessing
Keyword(s):  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Medulla Oblongata ◽  
Neuroendocrine Cells ◽  
Ventrolateral Medulla ◽  
Caudal Ventrolateral Medulla ◽  
Functional Integrity

Secretion of vasopressin in response to hemorrhage depends on the functional integrity of noradrenaline- and neuropeptide Y-containing neurons. The effects of microinjections of neuropharmacological agents have clarified the role of these neurons, which project directly from the caudal ventrolateral medulla oblongata to the neuroendocrine cells in the hypothalamus.

Hypotensive action of bretylium after central administration

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 687-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. P. Jaju ◽  
K. K. Tangri ◽  
K. P. Bhargava
Keyword(s):  
Medulla Oblongata ◽  
Hypotensive Effect ◽  
Central Administration ◽  
Hypotensive Action ◽  
Adrenergic Neuron ◽  
Reflex Responses ◽  
Stimulation Of

Bretylium has been found to have a central hypotensive effect independent of its peripheral adrenergic neuron blocking action. It decreases the excitability of the medullary vasoactive neurons, as shown by inhibition of vasopressor responses evoked by stereotaxic stimulation of the medulla oblongata or reflex responses mediated at the medullary level. A possible role of catecholamines in the central hypotensive action of bretylium is suggested.

Regulation of metallothionein concentrations in rat brain: effect of glucocorticoids, zinc, copper, and endotoxin

1994 ◽  
Vol 266 (5) ◽  
pp. E760-E767 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Gasull ◽  
M. Giralt ◽  
J. Hernandez ◽  
P. Martinez ◽  
I. Bremner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Rat Brain ◽  
Medulla Oblongata ◽  
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Zinc Deficient Diet ◽  
The Brain

The effects of known inducers of liver metallothionein (MT) synthesis on MT concentrations in the rat brain have been determined using antibodies that are specific for MT I and II and do not cross-react with MT III. There were substantial differences in the MT concentrations in different areas of the brain. Dexamethasone increased MT levels after 24 h in the frontal cortex, cortex, medulla oblongata plus pons, midbrain, striatum, hippocampus, and cerebellum but not in the hypothalamus. Corticosterone produced similar results except in the hippocampus. Long-lasting adrenocorticotropic hormone increased MT concentrations after 12 h in midbrain and striatum but not in the liver. Adrenalectomy decreased MT concentrations after 6 days in the medulla oblongata plus pons, striatum, hippocampus, and hypothalamus but increased concentrations in the liver and kidneys; these effects were reversed by corticosterone. The role of glucocorticoids in the regulation of MT levels therefore differs between tissues and within specific areas of the brain. Injection of zinc or copper intracerebroventricularly and the use of a zinc-deficient diet increased and decreased MT levels, respectively, in some but not all brain areas. Endotoxin increased liver MT but not brain MT I levels after 8 h.

Role of Endothelin in Central Cardiorespiratory Control: Modern and Classical Approaches

Physiology ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 228-233
Author(s):  
T Kuwaki ◽  
Y Kurihara ◽  
H Kurihara ◽  
Y Yazaki ◽  
M Kumada
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Gene Targeting ◽  
Medulla Oblongata ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Control ◽  
Ventral Medulla Oblongata ◽  
Elevated Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Po2 ◽  
Respiratory Reflexes

Mutant mice deficient in endothelin-1 (ET-1) were created by using gene-targeting techniques. ET-1 +/- heterozygous mice showed elevated arterial pressure accompanied by diminished arterial PO2 and impaired respiratory reflexes. Endogenous ET-1 thus plays a physiological role in cardiorespiratory control. Neural structures in the ventral medulla oblongata appear to participate in this process.

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