In this investigation, we propose a new concept to embed cohesive zone into the continuum structure of bone cement, an example of brittle material, in investigating the mechanical behavior and fracture mechanism and to predict the fracture which elastic fracture mechanics (EFM) is unable to. Four finite element (FE) models with embedded cohesive zones for the simulations of tensile, compression, double shear and 3-point bending tests have been implemented. Cohesive zones (CZ) are embedded at high risks of fracture with orientations determined by fracture mode. A bilinear cohesive traction-separation law (TSL) is applied. The fracture parameters in traction-separation curve are validated and justified in the simulations to agree well with the force-displacement curves in the four practical tests. Apart from the maximum load, the perpetual safe working load (SWL) in theory also can be predicted by tracing the history of the stiffness degradation of fractured cohesive zone by means of simulation. A distinct advantage of our numerical model is that it is able to extend to investigate the mechanical behavior and fracture mechanism of other brittle materials. The proposed method with embedded cohesive zones in FE models can be introduced to predict the fracture and to forecast the maximum load and safe working load (SWL) of the continuum structure in more complicated loading conditions.
Influence of Rhenium on the Mechanical Behavior and Fracture Mechanism of a Fine-Grain Superalloy at Elevated Temperatures
