Lidocaine: a hydroxyl radical scavenger and singlet oxygen quencher

1992 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
KumudaC. Das ◽  
HaraP. Misra
Keyword(s):  
Hydroxyl Radical ◽  
Singlet Oxygen ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Singlet Oxygen Quencher ◽  
Hydroxyl Radical Scavenger

Alleviation of wood smoke-induced lung injury by tachykinin receptor antagonist and hydroxyl radical scavenger in guinea pigs

2001 ◽  
Vol 425 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
You Shuei Lin ◽  
Ching-Yin Ho ◽  
Gau-Jun Tang ◽  
Yu Ru Kou
Keyword(s):  
Lung Injury ◽  
Hydroxyl Radical ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Wood Smoke ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Tachykinin Receptor ◽  
Hydroxyl Radical Scavenger

Evidence suggesting a role for hydroxyl radical in glycerol-induced acute renal failure

1988 ◽  
Vol 255 (3) ◽  
pp. F438-F443 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. V. Shah ◽  
P. D. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Hydroxyl Radical ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Iron Chelator ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Metabolites ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Hydroxyl Radical Scavenger ◽  
Hydroxyl Radical Scavengers

Reactive oxygen metabolites, in particular hydroxyl radical, have been shown to be important mediators of tissue injury in several models of acute renal failure. The aim of the present study was to examine the role of hydroxyl radical in glycerol-induced acute renal failure, a model for myoglobinuric renal injury. Rats injected with glycerol alone (8 mg/kg im following dehydration for 24 h) developed significant renal failure compared with dehydrated controls. Rats treated with glycerol and a hydroxyl radical scavenger, dimethylthiourea (DMTU), had significantly lower blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine. In contrast, urea, which is chemically similar to DMTU but is not a hydroxyl radical scavenger, provided no protection. In addition, DMTU prevented the glycerol-induced rise in renal cortical malondialdehyde content (a measure of lipid peroxidation that serves as a marker of free radical-mediated tissue injury). A second hydroxyl radical scavenger, sodium benzoate, had a similar protective effect on renal function (as measured by both BUN and creatinine). Because the generation of hydroxyl radical in biological systems requires the presence of a trace metal such as iron, we also examined the effect of the iron chelator, deferoxamine on glycerol-induced renal failure. Deferoxamine was also protective. The interventional agents were also associated with a marked reduction in histological evidence of renal damage. The protective effects of two hydroxyl radical scavengers as well as an iron chelator implicate a role for hydroxyl radical in glycerol-induced acute renal failure.

scholarly journals A NOVEL HYDROXYL RADICAL SCAVENGER, NICARAVEN, ATTENUATES ISCHEMIA REPERFUSION INJURY OF THE LIVER

1998 ◽  
Vol 65 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 148
Author(s):  
R. Yokota ◽  
T. Shimamura ◽  
T. Suzuki ◽  
M. Fukai ◽  
M. Taniguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydroxyl Radical ◽  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Hydroxyl Radical Scavenger

Synthesis of New Carnosine Derivatives ofβ-Cyclodextrin and Their Hydroxyl Radical Scavenger Ability

2002 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 1633-1643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego La Mendola ◽  
Salvatore Sortino ◽  
Graziella Vecchio ◽  
Enrico Rizzarelli
Keyword(s):  
Hydroxyl Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Hydroxyl Radical Scavenger

scholarly journals On the Nature of Hydrodynamic Cavitation Process and Its Application for the Removal of Water Pollutants

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 117862211988048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erick R Bandala ◽  
Oscar M Rodriguez-Narvaez
Keyword(s):  
Hydroxyl Radical ◽  
Hydroxyl Radicals ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Hydrodynamic Cavitation ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Cavitation Process ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Hydroxyl Radical Scavenger

Cavitation is considered a high energy demanding process for water treatment. For this study, we used a simple experimental setup to generate cavitation at a low pressure (low energy) and test it for hydroxyl radical production using a well-known chemical probe as a hydroxyl radical scavenger. The conditions for generating the cavitation process (eg, pressure, flow velocity, temperature, and other significant variables) were used to degrade model contaminants, an azo dye and an antibiotic. The amount of hydroxyl radicals generated by the system was estimated using N,N-dimethyl-p-nitrosoaniline (pNDA) as hydroxyl radical scavenger. The capability of hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) to degrade contaminants was assessed using Congo red (CR) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) as model contaminants. Different chemical models were analyzed using UV-visible spectrophotometry (for pNDA and CR) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (for SMX) after HC treatment under different process conditions (ie, pressure of 13.7 and 10.3 kPa, and flow rates of 0.14 to 3.6 × 10−4 m3/s). No pNDA bleaching was observed for any of the reaction conditions tested after 60 minutes of treatment, which suggests that there was no hydroxyl radical generation during the process. However, 50% degradation of CR and 25% degradation of SMX were observed under the same process conditions, comparable with previously reported results. These results suggest that the process is most likely thermally based rather than radically based, and therefore, it can degrade organic pollutants even if no hydroxyl radicals are produced. Hydrodynamic cavitation, either alone or coupled with other advanced water technologies, has been identified as a promising technology for removing organic contaminants entering the water cycle; however, more research is still needed to determine the specific mechanisms involved in the process and the optimal operation conditions for the system.

scholarly journals Stimulation of vagal pulmonary C fibers by inhaled wood smoke in rats

1998 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Lai ◽  
Y. R. Kou
Keyword(s):  
Hydroxyl Radical ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Wood Smoke ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
C Fibers ◽  
Hydroxyl Radical Scavenger ◽  
C Fiber ◽  
Delayed Phase ◽  
Stimulation Of ◽  
Sustained Increase

Lai, C. J., and Y. R. Kou. Stimulation of vagal pulmonary C fibers by inhaled wood smoke in rats. J. Appl. Physiol. 84(1): 30–36, 1998.—This study investigated the stimulation of vagal pulmonary C fibers (PCs) by wood smoke. We recorded impulses from PCs in 58 anesthetized, open-chest, and artificially ventilated rats and delivered 6 ml of wood smoke into the lungs. Within 1 or 2 s after the smoke delivery, an intense and nonphasic burst of discharge [Δ = +7.4 ± 0.7 (SE) impulses/s, n = 68] was evoked in 60 of the 68 PCs studied and lasted for 4–8 s. This immediate stimulation was usually followed by a delayed and more sustained increase in C-fiber activity (Δ = +2.0 ± 0.4 impulses/s). The overall stimulation was not influenced by removal of smoke particulates ( n = 15) or by pretreatment with vehicle ( n = 8) for dimethylthiourea (DMTU; a hydroxyl radical scavenger) or indomethacin (Indo; a cyclooxygenase inhibitor). The immediate-phase stimulation was not affected by pretreatment with Indo ( n= 8) but was largely attenuated by pretreatment with DMTU ( n = 12) or by a combined treatment with DMTU and Indo (DMTU+Indo; n = 8). Conversely, the delayed-phase stimulation was partially suppressed either by DMTU or by Indo but was totally abolished by DMTU+Indo. These results suggest that 1) the stimulation of PCs is linked to the gas phase of wood smoke and 2) hydroxyl radical, but not cyclooxygenase products, is involved in the immediate-phase stimulation, whereas both metabolites are responsible for evoking the delayed-phase stimulation.

Spin Trapping of Ibuprofen Radicals: Evidence That Ibuprofen is a Hydroxyl Radical Scavenger

1990 ◽  
Vol 9 (3-6) ◽  
pp. 337-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven A. Hamburger ◽  
Paul B. McCay
Keyword(s):  
Hydroxyl Radical ◽  
Spin Trapping ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Hydroxyl Radical Scavenger
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