Retroactive memory of a visual discrimination task in the rat: role of temporal-entorhinal cortices and their connections

1991 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Myhrer
Keyword(s):  
Visual Discrimination ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Visual Discrimination Task

The role of frontal and temporal lobes in visual discrimination task — depth ERP studies

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Brázdil ◽  
I. Rektor ◽  
M. Dufek ◽  
P. Daniel ◽  
P. Jurák ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Discrimination ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Visual Discrimination Task ◽  
Temporal Lobes

scholarly journals Confidence in visual motion discrimination is preserved in individuals with schizophrenia

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. E65-E73
Author(s):  
Nathan Faivre ◽  
Matthieu Roger ◽  
Michael Pereira ◽  
Vincent de Gardelle ◽  
Jean-Christophe Vergnaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Discrimination ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Visual Motion ◽  
Discrimination Performance ◽  
Visual Discrimination Task ◽  
Task Execution ◽  
Bayesian Analyses ◽  
Narrative Assessment ◽  
Healthy Participants

Background: Metacognition is the set of reflexive processes that allows humans to evaluate the accuracy of their mental operations. Metacognitive deficits have been described in people with schizophrenia using mostly narrative assessment, and they have been linked to several key symptoms. Methods: We assessed metacognitive performance objectively by asking people with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (n = 20) and matched healthy participants (n = 21) to perform a visual discrimination task and report their confidence in their performance. Metacognitive performance was defined as the adequacy between visual discrimination performance and confidence. Results: Bayesian analyses revealed equivalent metacognitive performance in the 2 groups, despite a weaker association between confidence and trajectory tracking during task execution among people with schizophrenia. We reproduced these results using an evidence accumulation model, which showed similar decisional processes in the 2 groups. Limitations: These results from a relatively small study sample cannot be generalized to other perceptual and nonperceptual tasks. To meet this purpose, ecological tasks are needed. As well, the role of antipsychotic medication and design deserves greater attention in the future. Conclusion: We found similar decisional and metacognitive capabilities between people with schizophrenia and healthy controls in a visual discrimination task.

Pigeons deploy selective attention to efficiently learn a stagewise multidimensional visual discrimination task.

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga V. Vyazovska ◽  
Victor M. Navarro ◽  
Edward A. Wasserman
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
Visual Discrimination ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Visual Discrimination Task

d-Serine alleviates retrograde amnesia of a visual discrimination task in rats with a lesion of the perirhinal cortex

2003 ◽  
Vol 979 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 240-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jannike M. Andersen ◽  
Frode Fonnum ◽  
Trond Myhrer
Keyword(s):  
Retrograde Amnesia ◽  
Visual Discrimination ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Perirhinal Cortex ◽  
Visual Discrimination Task

Activity of single neurons in the monkey amygdala during performance of a visual discrimination task

1992 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 1447-1463 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Nakamura ◽  
A. Mikami ◽  
K. Kubota
Keyword(s):  
Visual Stimulus ◽  
Visual Discrimination ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Discharge Rate ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Delay Period ◽  
Visual Discrimination Task ◽  
Single Neurons ◽  
Visual Neurons ◽  
Human Faces

1. The activity of single neurons was recorded extracellularly from the monkey amygdala while monkeys performed a visual discrimination task. The monkeys were trained to remember a visual stimulus during a delay period (0.5-3.0 s), to discriminate a new visual stimulus from the stimulus, and to release a lever when the new stimulus was presented. Colored photographs (human faces, monkeys, foods, and nonfood objects) or computer-generated two-dimensional shapes (a yellow triangle, a red circle, etc.) were used as visual stimuli. 2. The activity of 160 task-related neurons was studied. Of these, 144 (90%) responded to visual stimuli, 13 (8%) showed firing during the delay period, and 9 (6%) responded to the reward. 3. Task-related neurons were categorized according to the way in which various stimuli activated the neurons. First, to evaluate the proportion of all tested stimuli that elicited changes in activity of a neuron, selectivity index 1 (SI1) was employed. Second, to evaluate the ability of a neuron to discriminate a stimulus from another stimulus, SI2 was employed. On the basis of the calculated values of SI1 and SI2, neurons were classified as selective and nonselective. Most visual neurons were categorized as selective (131/144), and a few were characterized as nonselective (13/144). Neurons active during the delay period were also categorized as selective visual and delay neurons (6/13) and as nonselective delay neurons (7/13). 4. Responses of selective visual neurons had various temporal and stimulus-selective properties. Latencies ranged widely from 60 to 300 ms. Response durations also ranged widely from 20 to 870 ms. When the natures of the various effective stimuli were studied for each neuron, one-fourth of the responses of these neurons were considered to reflect some categorical aspect of the stimuli, such as human, monkey, food, or nonfood object. Furthermore, the responses of some neurons apparently reflected a certain behavioral significance of the stimuli that was separate from the task, such as the face of a particular person, smiling human faces, etc. 5. Nonselective visual neurons responded to a visual stimulus, regardless of its nature. They also responded in the absence of a visual stimulus when the monkey anticipated the appearance of the next stimulus. 6. Selective visual and delay neurons fired in response to particular stimuli and throughout the subsequent delay periods. Nonselective delay neurons increased their discharge rates gradually during the delay period, and the discharge rate decreased after the next stimulus was presented. 7. Task-related neurons were identified in six histologically distinct nuclei of the amygdala.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Measurement of MEG Evoked by Visual Discrimination Task

Biomag 96 ◽  
2000 ◽  
pp. 813-816
Author(s):  
T. Kumagai ◽  
T. Takeda ◽  
H. Endo
Keyword(s):  
Visual Discrimination ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Visual Discrimination Task

scholarly journals Volatiles emitted from the leaves of Laurus nobilis L. improve vigilance performance in visual discrimination task

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eri Matsubara ◽  
Mio Fukagawa ◽  
Tsuyoshi Okamoto ◽  
Atsuko Fukuda ◽  
Chikako Hayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Discrimination ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Visual Discrimination Task ◽  
Laurus Nobilis ◽  
Vigilance Performance
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