Effect of iontophoretically applied biogenic amines and of cholinomimetic substances upon the activity of neurons in the superior colliculus and mesencephalic reticular formation of the cat

1971 ◽  
Vol 324 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Straschill ◽  
J. Perwein
Keyword(s):  
Superior Colliculus ◽  
Biogenic Amines ◽  
Reticular Formation ◽  
Mesencephalic Reticular Formation

Structure-function relationships in the primate superior colliculus. II. Morphological identity of presaccadic neurons

1988 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 263-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Moschovakis ◽  
A. B. Karabelas ◽  
S. M. Highstein
Keyword(s):  
Superior Colliculus ◽  
Reticular Formation ◽  
Preceding Paper ◽  
Mesencephalic Reticular Formation ◽  
Burst Neurons ◽  
Cells Of Origin ◽  
Efferent Neurons ◽  
Tectal Neurons ◽  
Recurrent Collaterals ◽  
Morphological Identity

1. Microelectrodes filled with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) were inserted in the superior colliculus (SC) of alert squirrel monkeys. Spontaneous eye movements were monitored in the dark during recording and intraaxonal injection of fibers carrying presaccadic signals. 2. Analysis of the relationship between neuronal activity and saccadic parameters indicates that saccade-related neurons can be functionally classified into: 1) vectorial long-lead burst neurons (n = 31), and 2) directional long-lead burst neurons. 3. Vectorial long-lead burst neurons have little if any spontaneous activity and burst intensely before spontaneous saccades within their movement fields with a latency of approximately 20 ms. Their cell bodies were recovered mostly (4/5) in the stratum opticum of the SC. The mediolateral and anteroposterior location of these tectal long-lead burst neurons (TLLBs) together with their movement fields are consistent with existing descriptions of the motor map of the deeper tectal layers. Due to their somatodendritic morphology and pattern of axonal trajectories, TLLBs belong to the T group of tectal efferent neurons that was described in our companion report. Through its branched axonal system each TLLB can relay a signal coding intended eye displacement to reticular targets of the predorsal bundle (PDB), contralateral tectum, ipsilateral mesencephalic reticular formation (MRF), and rostrally located ipsilateral targets of the SC, besides participating in intratectal information processing. 4. Recovered tectal neurons (n = 4) with activity not related to spontaneous saccades participate in the predorsal and ventral ascending tectofugal bundles as well as the projection to the ipsilateral mesencephalic reticular formation. They do not participate in the commissural projection of the SC and need not have recurrent collaterals. Due to their somatodendritic morphology and pattern of axonal trajectories, these cells belong to the X group of tectal efferent neurons that was described in the preceding paper. 5. Recovered cells of origin of directional long-lead burst fibers recorded in the SC (n = 5) are located in the tectorecipient portion of the MRF and their axonal terminals are entirely contained within the SC. The high-frequency portion of the discharge of these reticulotectal long-lead burst neurons (RTLLBs) precedes most contraversive saccades by approximately 19 ms.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Anatomy and physiology of the primate interstitial nucleus of Cajal I. efferent projections

1996 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 725-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kokkoroyannis ◽  
C. A. Scudder ◽  
C. D. Balaban ◽  
S. M. Highstein ◽  
A. K. Moschovakis
Keyword(s):  
Superior Colliculus ◽  
Reticular Formation ◽  
Mesencephalic Reticular Formation ◽  
Head Movements ◽  
Zona Incerta ◽  
Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus ◽  
Thalamic Nuclei ◽  
Posterior Commissure ◽  
Interstitial Nucleus Of Cajal ◽  
Efferent Projections

1. The efferent projections of the interstitial nucleus of Cajal (NIC) were studied in the squirrel monkey after iontophoretic injections of biocytin and Phaseolus Vulgaris leucoagglutinin into the NIC. To ensure the proper placement of the tracer, the same pipettes were used to extracellularly record the discharge pattern of NIC neurons. 2. Three projection systems of the NIC were distinguished: commissural (through the posterior commissure), descending, and ascending. 3. The posterior commissure system gave rise to dense terminal fields in the contralateral NIC, the oculomotor nucleus, and the trochlear nucleus. 4. The descending system of NIC projections deployed dense terminal fields in the ipsilateral gigantocellular reticular formation and the paramedian reticular formation of the pons, as well as in the ventromedial and commissural nuclei of the first two spinal cervical segments. It also gave rise to moderate or weak terminal fields in the vestibular complex, the nucleus prepositus hypoglossi, the inferior olive, and the magnocellular reticular formation, as well as cell groups scattered along the paramedian tracts in the pons and the pontine and medullary raphe. 5. The ascending system of NIC projections gave rise to dense terminal fields in the ipsilateral mesencephalic reticular formation and the zona incerta as well as moderate or weak terminal fields in the ipsilateral centromedian and parafascicular thalamic nuclei. It also provided dense bilateral labeling of the rostral interstitial nucleus of the medial longitudinal fasciculus and the fields of Forel, and moderate or weak bilateral labeling of the mediodorsal, central medial, and central lateral nuclei of the thalamus. 6. Models of saccade generation that rely on feedback from the velocity-to-position integrators and include the superior colliculus in their local feedback loop are contradicted because no fibers originating from the NIC traveled to the superior colliculus to deploy terminal fields. 7. Consistent with its morphological and functional diversity, these data indicate that the primate NIC sends signals to a multitude of targets implicated in the control of eye and head movements.

Contribution of the Superior Colliculus and the Mesencephalic Reticular Formation to Gaze Control

2002 ◽  
Vol 956 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID M. WAITZMAN ◽  
JAY PATHMANATHAN ◽  
RACHEL PRESNELL ◽  
AMANDA AYERS ◽  
STACY DePALMA
Keyword(s):  
Superior Colliculus ◽  
Reticular Formation ◽  
Mesencephalic Reticular Formation ◽  
Gaze Control

Role of dorsal mesencephalic reticular formation and deep layers of superior colliculus in turning behaviour elicited from the striatum

1981 ◽  
Vol 215 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 337-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Morelli ◽  
A. Imperato ◽  
M.L. Porceddu ◽  
G. Di Chiara
Keyword(s):  
Superior Colliculus ◽  
Reticular Formation ◽  
Mesencephalic Reticular Formation ◽  
Deep Layers ◽  
Turning Behaviour
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