The Differential Outcomes Effect in Normal Human Adults Using a Concurrent-Task Within-Subjects Design And Sensory Outcomes

2007 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leh Woon Mok ◽  
J. Bruce Overmier
Keyword(s):  
Concurrent Task ◽  
Differential Outcomes ◽  
Differential Outcomes Effect ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
Human Adults ◽  
Normal Human

scholarly journals PREGNANCY AND CHLOROFORM ANESTHESIA

1912 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. Whipple
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Border Zone ◽  
Premature Delivery ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Liver Necrosis ◽  
Fetal Organ ◽  
Human Adults ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Operative Measures

Pregnant dogs are susceptible to chloroform administered shortly before delivery or during labor, and show the same degree of liver injury as normal dogs, or even a somewhat greater one. Chloroform anesthesia may cause more or less hyaline necrosis in the border zone between the maternal and fetal parts of the placenta that may lead to hemorrhage, placental separation, and premature delivery. Chloroform anesthesia causes no injury to the liver of the fetus nor to any other fetal organ, in spite of the fact that it can be demonstrated to be present in these tissues. These experiments raise objections to the use of chloroform in pregnant women where an anesthetic must be continued for half an hour or longer. Chloroform anesthesia may be admissible for the few minutes at the end of the delivery, but when operative measures are necessary, before or after delivery, it is a dangerous anesthetic and surely capable of producing injury to the liver in the manner recognized in the case of normal persons. Objections may be raised to the application of conclusions derived from experiments on dogs to human cases; but the similarity of the effects of chloroform in man and dog surely affords a sound basis of comparison. Two fundamental facts would seem to be now established: (1) Normal human adults may be fatally poisoned (late chloroform poisoning) by chloroform anesthesia of one half to one hour's duration. (2) Normal and pregnant dogs are equally susceptible to late chloroform poisoning, and may be fatally poisoned by an anesthesia of two hours' duration. Hence one may conclude that probably normal and pregnant human beings are equally susceptible to chloroform poisoning, that chloroform anesthesia during any part of the pregnant period is capable of causing liver necrosis, and, consequently, that chloroform is a dangerous anesthetic.

Acute safety and effects on mucociliary clearance of aerosolized uridine 5'-triphosphate +/- amiloride in normal human adults.

1996 ◽  
Vol 154 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
K N Olivier ◽  
W D Bennett ◽  
K W Hohneker ◽  
K L Zeman ◽  
L J Edwards ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mucociliary Clearance ◽  
Human Adults ◽  
Normal Human

Attentuation of the differential outcomes effect by extraneous reward

2014 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 7-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Geoffrey White ◽  
Jessica Grace Millar
Keyword(s):  
Differential Outcomes ◽  
Differential Outcomes Effect

Circadian Rhythms and the Urinary Excretion of Acid Glycosaminoglycans in Normal Human Adults

1979 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Newton ◽  
J. E. Scott ◽  
S. Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Human Adults ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Acid Glycosaminoglycans

Are positive and negative reinforcement “different”? Insights from a free-operant differential outcomes effect

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Magoon ◽  
Thomas S. Critchfield ◽  
Dustin Merrill ◽  
M. Christopher Newland ◽  
W. Joel Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Negative Reinforcement ◽  
Differential Outcomes ◽  
Free Operant ◽  
Differential Outcomes Effect

Influence of diet and lipotropic agents on the phospholipide turnover in plasma of normal human adults

1951 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 240
Author(s):  
W.E Cornatzer ◽  
David Cayer ◽  
William A Lambeth
Keyword(s):  
Human Adults ◽  
Normal Human
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