An ontology-based approach to the analysis of the acid-base state of patients at operative measures

Researchers working in various domains are focusing on extracting information from data sets by data mining techniques. However, data mining is a complicated task, including multiple complex processes, so that it is unfriendly to non-computer researchers. Due to the lack of experience, they cannot design suitable workflows that lead to satisfactory results. This article proposes an ontology-based approach to help users choose appropriate data mining techniques for analyzing domain data. By merging with domain ontology and extracting the corresponding sub-ontology based on the task requirements, an ontology oriented to a specific domain is generated that can be used for algorithm selection. Users can query for suitable algorithms according to the current data characteristics and task requirements step by step. We build a workflow to analyze the Acid-Base State of patients at operative measures based on the proposed approach and obtain appropriate conclusions.

The “Torment” of Surgical Antibiotic Prophylaxis among Surgeons

Surgical antibiotic prophylaxis (SAP) is one of the peri-operative measures for preventing surgical site infections (SSIs). Its goal is to counteract the proliferation of bacteria in the surgical site during intervention in order to reduce the risk of SSIs. SAP should be administered for surgical interventions where the benefit expected (prevention of SSIs) is higher compared to the risk (serious side effects, such as acute kidney injury, Clostridioides difficile infection, and the spread of antimicrobial resistance). In prescribing SAP, surgeons should have both the awareness necessary “to handle antibiotics with care”, and the knowledge required to use them appropriately.

Carpal boss: An uncommon cause of dorsal wrist mass and chronic pain in children. A case report

Pain referred to the wrist joint, is a common affection among the pediatric and adolescent population, either due to acute injury or chronic stress. Even though the most common cause of a wrist mass associated with chronic pain in this patient population is a ganglion cyst, other pathologies should also be considered. We report an uncommon case of a 10-year-old girl with a carpal boss that was treated with surgery after non-operative measures failed to achieve symptom resolution. The diagnosis was established based on clinical examination and imaging findings. Although rare in the skeletally immature population, carpal boss should be considered as a differential diagnosis in a pediatric-adolescent patient with a dorsal wrist mass and chronic pain. The purpose of the present study was to describe the presentation and anatomical findings in our patient, that differ from the cases reported to date, as well as to review treatment options of this condition in the pediatric population.

Impact of COVID-19 on ischemic stroke care in Hungary

Data about the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic’s collateral damage on ischemic stroke (IS) care during the second epidemic wave in Central Europe are limited. We sought to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on Hungarian IS care during the two epidemic waves. This retrospective observational study was based on a nationwide reimbursement database that encompasses all IS admissions and all reperfusion interventions, i.e., intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and endovascular therapy (EVT) from 2 January 2017 to 31 December 2020 in Hungary. COVID-19 pandemic’s effect on the number of IS admissions and reperfusion interventions were analyzed using different statistics: means, medians, trends, relative rates, and linear relationships. The mean and median values of IS admissions and reperfusion interventions decreased only in some measure during the COVID-periods. However, trend analysis demonstrated a significant decline from the trends. The decline’s dynamic and amplitude have differed for each variable. In contrast to IVT, the number of IS admissions and EVTs negatively correlated with the epidemic waves’ amplitude. Besides, the decrease in the number of IS admissions was more pronounced than the decrease in the number of reperfusion interventions. Our study demonstrated a significant disruption in IS care during the COVID-19 epidemic in Hungary, in which multiple different factors might play a role. The disproportionate reduction of IS admission numbers could partially be explained by the effect of health emergency operative measures and changes in patients’ social behavior. Further studies are needed to evaluate the causes of our observations.

Institutional Support of Euroregions “Carpathian” and “Bug”: A Case Study for Ukrainian-Polish Cross-Border Cooperation

This paper presents cooperation across boundaries as co-operative measures, being goal-oriented to the economic, social, scientific, technical, environmental, cultural, and other relations, initiating and deepening among territorial communities, local authorities both in Ukraine and in Poland. The methodological basis of the study consists of the following approaches to the study of Euroregions: geographical, political, administrative, functional. Definitions of the Euroregion as the main form of cross-border cooperation have been determined, and institutions promoting cross-border cooperation between Ukraine and Poland have been studied. The institutional support for cross-border cooperation within the framework of the “Carpathian” and “Bug” Euroregions has been examined. Features of the Ukrainian-Polish Euroregions – “Carpathian” and “Bug” have been characterized. Problematic issues concerning the Euroregion cross-border cooperation support have been identified. Moreover, recommendations on improving the institutional component of the Ukrainian-Polish CBC within the “Carpathian” and the “Bug” Euroregions are given herein.

Conditions associated with worse acceptance of a simplified accelerated recovery after surgery protocol in laparoscopic colorectal surgery

Background Enhanced Recovery Surgical Programs were initially applied to colorectal procedures and used as multimodal approach to relieve the response to surgical stress. An important factor that negatively impacts the success of these programs is the poor tolerance of these patients to certain items in the adopted protocol, especially with regard to post-operative measures. The identification of these factors may help to increase the success rate of such programs, ensuring that benefits reach a greater number of patients and that resources are better allocated. Thus, the aims of this study were to assess the results of the implementation of a Simplified Accelerated Recovery Protocol (SARP) and to identify possible factors associated with failure to implement postoperative protocol measures in patients submitted to laparoscopic colorectal surgery. Methods 161 patients were randomly divided into two groups. The SARP group (n = 84) was submitted to the accelerated recovery program and the CC group (n = 77), to conventional postoperative care. The SARP group was further divided into two subgroups: patients who tolerated the protocol (n = 51) and those who did not (n = 33), in order to analyze factors contributing to protocol nontolerance. Results The groups had similar sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. The SARP group had a shorter hospital stay, better elimination of flatus, was able to walk and to tolerate a diet sooner (p < 0.0001). Complications rates and readmissions to emergency room were similar between groups. Multivariate analysis revealed that prolonged operating time, stoma creation and rates of surgical complications were independently associated with poor adherence to SARP (p < 0.0001). Conclusions The use of our SARP resulted in improved recovery from laparoscopic colorectal surgery and proved to be safe for patients. Extensive surgeries, occurrence of complications, and the need for ostomy were variables associated with poor program adhesion. Trial registration Trial Registry: RBR2b4fyr—Date of registration: 03 October 2017.

Evaluation of the efficacy of Raktamokshana by cupping method in vatapradhana katigata-vata.

With the advancement of age, each individual suffering backache once in his lifetime. In the clinical practice maximum number of patients visiting a doctor have symptoms of Low Back Pain (LBP). Taking into consideration, the frequency of this ailment various modalities of treatment such as NSAIDs, steroids, physiotherapy and lastly operative measures are implied on patients which have its own drawback like having temporarily relief, adverse side-effects, costly affair etc. In case of Ayurvedic Treatment: snehana, swedana, basti karma, Agni karma & Raktamokshana need to be implemented. An effort has been made to establish the practice of Raktamokshana with cupping method. Raktamokshana is done by after prachhan karma and applying transparent vacuum cups to drain vitiated dosha along with the impure blood. It is very similar to Ghati Yantra explained in the classics that is the Sushruta Samhita. A single arm study was conducted on 10 patients of katigatavata and were treated with raktamokshana by cupping method. A significant relief was observed in the patients complains. So, it can be concluded that cupping method is an efficient modality for raktamokshana for patients suffering from Katigata-Vata.

Non-Obvious Solutions to the Problems of Countering Crimes by Force

Currently the problem of countering socially dangerous actions is viewed as a national project that declares the right of citizens to safe living conditions. A growing attention is paid to the possibilities that citizens and law enforcers have to lawfully counteract the criminal expansion, to protect themselves and other people through lawful use of force against persons committing dangerous infringements. Besides, the citizens themselves are willing to help law enforcement officers, and both of these groups need secure legislative instruments that authorize inflicting harm on the interests protected by criminal law without fearing legal responsibility. The existing state of legislation and its enforcement cannot satisfy the interests of either those people who show their civic initiative in counteracting the criminal expansion, or the representatives of law enforcement involved in operative measures aimed at indentifying and detecting illegal actions. We believe that the current norms of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, primarily the norms of Chapter 8, are obviously not sufficient. Besides, their legislative formulations are far from perfect and make it possible to transfer the guilt for inflicting harm onto persons who inflicted this harm in the conditions precluding the criminal character of their actions. The authors suggest changing the legal regulation of these circumstances in criminal legislation and, on this basis, considerably amending the contents of Chapter 8 with new circumstances with the goal of improving the effectiveness of its practical implementation.

Control in a preliminary contract: the problem of fixing and implementing the right

Control within the framework of the preliminary contract is aimed at preventive identification of possible obstacles to the proper performance of the obligations assumed by the counterparty to the conclusion of the main transaction. Verification provides (inter alia) information certainty of commodity circulation participants, allowing minimizing the risks of non-performance or improper performance of future obligations. It is proposed, applying the law analogy, to provide a regulatory rule giving the party to the preliminary contract an opportunity to refuse to perform the contract in case of establishing (by the results of the control) that the obligation to conclude the main contract will not be performed by the counterparty within the time-frame. It seems that this rule will have a regulatory function, encouraging the parties to the preliminary contract to organize proper control so that, on the one hand, to ensure the proper exchange of information, on the other hand – to prevent unwarranted interference in the economic activities of the counterparty. In this case, the unreasonable refusal of a party to a preliminary contract to provide the counterparty with an opportunity to exercise control (to provide the necessary information, property for inspection) should be regarded as a lack of interest or even intentional obstruction of the preliminary contract purpose achievement. The recognition of such dishonest behavior of a person as evasion from entering into a basic civil-law relation allows us to talk about the possibility of application of operative measures of influence by a competent subject.

Challenge of Neurosurgical Practices during Covid-19 Pandemic

The COVID 19 pandemic has changed the world forever. As healthcare facilities were struggling to care for the infected patients, neurosurgeons had to postpone routine surgeries and continue with emergency procedures. They had to take unprecedented measures of protection. The safety and protective measures observed in the hospital for about five months were recorded. These measures were on effect all these time. COVID 19 is very contagious. The preventive and disinfection measures changed our way of consultation in OPD, admission in the wards and surgical and post-operative measures. This changed the practice in our institution. In this paper we look at how the pandemic had changed our practice of neurosurgery. Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases, October 2020;7(suppl_2):S69-S71