scholarly journals In vivo length patterns of the medial collateral ligament during the stance phase of gait

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 719-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Liu ◽  
Hemanth R. Gadikota ◽  
Michal Kozánek ◽  
Ali Hosseini ◽  
Bing Yue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medial Collateral Ligament ◽  
Stance Phase ◽  
Collateral Ligament

Neuromuscular recovery pattern after medial collateral ligament disruption in rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jérôme Laurin ◽  
Erick Dousset ◽  
Serge Mesure ◽  
Patrick Decherchi
Keyword(s):  
Medial Collateral Ligament ◽  
Stance Phase ◽  
Amplitude Ratio ◽  
Joint Damage ◽  
Afferent Fiber ◽  
Vastus Medialis ◽  
Knee Angle ◽  
Collateral Ligament ◽  
Vastus Medialis Muscle ◽  
Afferent Response

The medial collateral ligament (MCL) is one of the most injured ligaments during sport activities. The resulting joint damage effects on neuromuscular system remain unclear. Thus this study was designed to assess the changes in neuromuscular properties of vastus medialis muscle after MCL transection. Complete rupture of MCL was performed on rats, and dynamic functional assessment during locomotion was achieved before and once a week from 1–5 wk postlesion. Twitch properties and metabo- and mechanosensitive afferent fiber responses to specific stimuli were measured 1, 3, and 5 wk after MCL transection. Results indicated that maximum knee angle measured during the stance phase of the gait cycle was decreased during 3 wk after MCL injury and then recovered. Minimum knee angle measured during the stance phase was decreased during 2 wk and showed compensatory effects at week 5. A stepwise decrease in maximum relaxation rate-to-amplitude ratio concomitant with a stepwise increase in half-relaxation time were observed following MCL injury. Variations in metabosensitive afferent response to chemical (KCl and lactic acid) injections were decreased at week 1 and recovered progressively from week 3 to week 5 postlesion. Recovery of the mechanosensitive afferent response to vibrations was not totally complete after 5 wk. Our data indicate that alteration of the sensory pathways from the vastus medialis muscle could be considered as a source of neuromuscular deficits following MCL transection. Our results should be helpful in clinical purpose to improve the knowledge of the influence exerted by ligament rupture on the motor system and permit development of rehabilitation protocols and exercises more appropriate for recovery of functional stability.

In Vivo Strain Ultrasound Elastographic Assessment of the Stiffness of the Medial Collateral Ligament at Varying Knee Flexion Angles

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (0) ◽  
pp. J02513
Author(s):  
Makoto SAKAMOTO ◽  
Surangika WADUGODAPITIYAI ◽  
Yusuke MORISE ◽  
Masaei TANAKA ◽  
Koichi KOBAYASHI
Keyword(s):  
Medial Collateral Ligament ◽  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Collateral Ligament

scholarly journals In vivo length change of ligaments of normal knees during dynamic high flexion

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenichi Kono ◽  
Shoji Konda ◽  
Takaharu Yamazaki ◽  
Sakae Tanaka ◽  
Kazuomi Sugamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medial Collateral Ligament ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Lateral Collateral Ligament ◽  
Length Change ◽  
3D Registration ◽  
Collateral Ligament ◽  
High Flexion ◽  
Leg Motion

Abstract Background Few studies compared the length change of ligaments of normal knees during dynamic activities of daily living. The aim of this study was to investigate in vivo length change of ligaments of the normal knees during high flexion. Methods Eight normal knees were investigated. Each volunteer performed squatting, kneeling, and cross-leg motions. Each sequential motion was performed under fluoroscopic surveillance in the sagittal plane. The femoral, tibial, and fibular attachment areas of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), deep medial collateral ligament (dMCL), superficial medial collateral ligament (sMCL), and lateral collateral ligament (LCL) were determined according to osseous landmarks. After 2D/3D registration, the direct distance from the femoral attachment to the tibial or fibular attachment was measured as the ligament length. Results From 20° to 90° with flexion, the ACL was significantly shorter during cross-leg motion than during squatting. For the PCL, dMCL, sMCL, and LCL, there were no significant differences among the 3 motions. Conclusion The ACL was shorter during cross-leg motion than during squatting in mid-flexion. This suggests that the ACL is looser during cross-leg motion than during squatting. On the other hand, the length change of the PCL, MCL, and LCL did not change even though the high flexion motions were different.

scholarly journals In Vivo Length Change of Ligaments of Normal Knees During Dynamic High Flexion

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenichi Kono ◽  
Shoji Konda ◽  
Takaharu Yamazaki ◽  
Sakae Tanaka ◽  
Kazuomi Sugamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medial Collateral Ligament ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Lateral Collateral Ligament ◽  
Length Change ◽  
3D Registration ◽  
Collateral Ligament ◽  
High Flexion ◽  
Leg Motion

Abstract BackgroundNo studies compared the length change of ligaments of normal knees during dynamic activities of daily living. The aim of this study was to investigate in vivo length change of ligaments of the normal knees during high flexion.MethodsEight normal knees were investigated. Each volunteer performed squatting, kneeling, and cross-leg motions. Each sequential motion was performed under fluoroscopic surveillance in the sagittal plane. The femoral, tibial, and fibular attachment areas of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), deep medial collateral ligament (dMCL), superficial medial collateral ligament (sMCL), and lateral collateral ligament (LCL) were determined according to osseous landmarks. After 2D/3D registration, the direct distance from the femoral attachment to the tibial or fibular attachment was measured as the ligament length. ResultsFrom 20° to 90° withflexion, the ACL was significantly shorter during cross-leg motion than during squatting. For thePCL, dMCL, sMCL, and LCL, there were no significant differences among the 3 motions. ConclusionThe ACL was shorter during cross-leg motion than during squatting in mid-flexion. This suggests that the ACL is looser during cross-leg motion than during squatting. On the other hand, the length change of the PCL, MCL, and LCL did not change even though the high flexion motions were different.

In vivo and 3-dimensional functional anatomy of the anterior bundle of the medial collateral ligament of the elbow

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 1006-1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junichi Miyake ◽  
Hisao Moritomo ◽  
Takashi Masatomi ◽  
Toshiyuki Kataoka ◽  
Tsuyoshi Murase ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medial Collateral Ligament ◽  
Functional Anatomy ◽  
Collateral Ligament ◽  
3 Dimensional

scholarly journals In vivo length change of ligaments of normal knees during dynamic high flexion

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenichi Kono ◽  
Shoji Konda ◽  
Takaharu Yamazaki ◽  
Sakae Tanaka ◽  
Kazuomi Sugamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medial Collateral Ligament ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Lateral Collateral Ligament ◽  
Length Change ◽  
3D Registration ◽  
Collateral Ligament ◽  
High Flexion ◽  
Leg Motion

Abstract Background Few studies compared the length change of ligaments of normal knees during dynamic activities of daily living. The aim of this study was to investigate in vivo length change of ligaments of the normal knees during high flexion. Methods Eight normal knees were investigated. Each volunteer performed squatting, kneeling, and cross-leg motions. Each sequential motion was performed under fluoroscopic surveillance in the sagittal plane. The femoral, tibial, and fibular attachment areas of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), deep medial collateral ligament (dMCL), superficial medial collateral ligament (sMCL), and lateral collateral ligament (LCL) were determined according to osseous landmarks. After 2D/3D registration, the direct distance from the femoral attachment to the tibial or fibular attachment was measured as the ligament length. Results From 20° to 90° with flexion, the ACL was significantly shorter during cross-leg motion than during squatting. For the PCL, dMCL, sMCL, and LCL, there were no significant differences among the 3 motions. Conclusion The ACL was shorter during cross-leg motion than during squatting in mid-flexion. This suggests that the ACL is looser during cross-leg motion than during squatting. On the other hand, the length change of the PCL, MCL, and LCL did not change even though the high flexion motions were different.

scholarly journals IS PERCUTANEOUS MEDIAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENT (MCL) RELAXATION DURING ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTION A SAFE OPTION FOR GAINING ACCESS TO THE MEDIAL KNEE COMPARTMENT IN CHILDREN?

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7_suppl3) ◽  
pp. 2325967121S0004
Author(s):  
John A. Schlechter ◽  
Tanner Harrah ◽  
Bryn Gornick ◽  
Benjamin Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Medial Collateral Ligament ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Deep Infection ◽  
Patient Reported Outcome ◽  
Collateral Ligament ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

Introduction: With participation in youth sports anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are a common occurrence. Nearly 70% of ACL tears in children and adolescents have an associated meniscus tear. Percutaneous medial collateral ligament (MCL) relaxation has been described as utilitarian in accessing the medial meniscus for diagnostic assessment and treatment in the adult population to increase medial compartment working space in arthroscopic surgery. The technique has not been evaluated in the pediatric population. The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes of children and adolescents that underwent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) with and without percutaneous relaxation of the medial collateral ligament (MCL) for meniscal tear management. Methods: A retrospective review was performed of patients aged 8 to 19 years old that had undergone knee arthroscopy for an (ACLR) with meniscus pathology. Those that underwent MCL relaxation were grouped together and compared to a matched cohort that did not have MCL relaxation performed. Preoperative, operative and postoperative data was analyzed. The primary measurement was obtained using a validated patient reported outcome score (Pedi-IKDC), secondary outcome measures were defined as superficial or deep infection, saphenous nerve dysesthesias, ACL graft failure and return to the operating room. Statistical analysis of the two cohorts was performed. Results: Fifty-four patients were included in the study (27 in each group) with average age 15 years (range 10-19). Average follow-up for the MCL relaxation group was 22.4 months versus 58 months for the non-MCL relaxation group. The average Pedi-IKDC score was 93.3 for the MCL relaxation group and 91.4 for the non-MCL relaxation group (p=0.34). There was no difference in patient demographics, return to the operating room (p=0.49), saphenous nerve dysesthesia (p=0.49), superficial or deep infection (p=0.32). Conclusion: ACL reconstruction in children and adolescents with MCL relaxation for the management of medial meniscal tears appears to be a safe option. Equivocal patient reported outcome scores as compared to the control group were found with no increase in post-operative complications. In children with ACL tears, appropriate diagnosis and management of medial meniscal pathology is important to maintain secondary restraint to anterior tibial translation and prevent premature graft failure. Pediatric knees can have tight medial compartments, making access difficult, potentially leading to poor visualization and iatrogenic chondral damage. Percutaneous medial collateral ligament (MCL) relaxation has been described in the adult population to increase medial compartment working space without long term sequela. We report similar findings in an all pediatric cohort.

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