Is the brain biopsy obligatory or not for the diagnosis of Schilder’s disease? Review of the literature

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuksel Yilmaz ◽  
Canan Kocaman ◽  
Hakan Karabagli ◽  
Memet Ozek
Keyword(s):  
Brain Biopsy ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Schilder's Disease ◽  
Schilder’S Disease ◽  
The Brain

Fatal Parasitic Meningoencephalomyelitis Caused By Halicephalobus deletrix: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2010 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. 625-629
Author(s):  
Sarah L. Ondrejka ◽  
Gary W. Procop ◽  
Keith K. Lai ◽  
Richard A. Prayson
Keyword(s):  
Fatal Case ◽  
Brain Biopsy ◽  
Altered Mental Status ◽  
Brain Parenchyma ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltration ◽  
Granulomatous Vasculitis ◽  
Helminthic Infection ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Infection with the saprophagous nematode Halicephalobus species is uncommon but has been reported in horses worldwide. Only 3 human cases have been previously described, all of which have been fatal. We report a fourth fatal case, which occurred in a 39-year-old woman who presented with meningeal signs, altered mental status, and a prodromal pruritic rash. Diagnostic evaluation included an open brain biopsy, which was diagnosed as granulomatous vasculitis. The patient subsequently died after a course of steroids and cyclophosphamide. At autopsy, a robust perivascular mixed inflammatory infiltration of the brain parenchyma, meninges, and ventricular system was present with larval forms and mature nematodes morphologically consistent with Halicephalobus deletrix. Although extremely rare, this organism needs to be considered in the differential diagnosis of human helminthic infection of the central nervous system.

Myelinoclastic Diffuse Sclerosis (Schilder's Disease): Report of a Case and Review of the Literature

1994 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 398-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adel K. Afifi ◽  
William E. Bell ◽  
Arnold H. Menezes ◽  
Steven A. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Schilder's Disease ◽  
Schilder’S Disease ◽  
Diffuse Sclerosis

scholarly journals Medical Adjuvants in the Treatment of Surgically Refractory Arteriovenous Malformations of the Head and Face: Case Report and Review of Literature

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Vaidya Govindarajan ◽  
Joshua D. Burks ◽  
Evan M. Luther ◽  
John W. Thompson ◽  
Robert M. Starke
Keyword(s):  
Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
Mtor Inhibitors ◽  
Molecular Target ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Early Results ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Initiation Of Therapy ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Radiographic Improvement

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) of the brain and face present unique challenges for clinicians. Cerebral AVMs may induce hemorrhage or form aneurysms, while facial AVMs can cause significant disfigurement and pain. Moreover, facial AVMs often draw blood supply from arteries providing critical blood flow to other important structures of the head which may make them impossible to treat curatively. Medical adjuvants may be an important consideration in the management of these patients. <b><i>Summary:</i></b> We conducted a systematic review of the literature to identify other instances of molecular target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors used as medical adjuvants for the treatment of cranial and facial AVMs. We also present 2 cases from our own institution where patients were treated with partial embolization, followed by adjuvant therapy with rapamycin. After screening a total of 75 articles, 7 were identified which described use of rapamycin in the treatment of inoperable cranial or facial AVM. In total, 21 cases were reviewed. The median treatment duration was 12 months (3–24.5 months), and the highest recorded dose was 3.5 mg/m<sup>2</sup>. 76.2% of patients demonstrated at least a partial response to rapamycin therapy. In 2 patients treated at our institution, symptomatic and radiographic improvement were noted 6 months after initiation of therapy. <b><i>Key Messages:</i></b> Early results have been encouraging in a small number of patients with inoperable AVM of the head and face treated with mTOR inhibitors. Further study of medical adjuvants such as rapamycin may be worthwhile.

Schilder's Disease: Case Study With Serial Neuroimaging

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Semra Kurul ◽  
Handan Çakmakçi ◽  
Eray Dirik ◽  
Arzu Kovanlikaya
Keyword(s):  
Schilder's Disease ◽  
Disease Case ◽  
Schilder’S Disease

Transitional multiple sclerosis (Schilder's disease: a case report

2000 ◽  
Vol 247 (12) ◽  
pp. 974-976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Iñiguez ◽  
Luis Fernando Pascual ◽  
Santiago Ramón y Cajal ◽  
Nicolás Fayed ◽  
Francisco Morales-Asín
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Schilder's Disease ◽  
Schilder’S Disease
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