scholarly journals Spatial–numerical associations in the presence of an avatar

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Böffel ◽  
C. Herbst ◽  
O. Lindemann ◽  
J. Müsseler
Keyword(s):  
Perspective Taking ◽  
Frame Of Reference ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Visual Perspective ◽  
Response Compatibility ◽  
Stimulus Response ◽  
Number Magnitude ◽  
Stimulus Response Compatibility ◽  
Response Coding

Abstract When we interact with other people or avatars, they often provide an alternative spatial frame of reference compared to our own. Previous studies introduced avatars into stimulus–response compatibility tasks and demonstrated compatibility effects as if the participant was viewing the task from the avatar’s point of view. However, the origin of this effect of perspective taking remained unclear. To distinguish changes in stimulus coding from changes in response coding, caused by the avatar, two experiments were conducted that combined a SNARC task and a spontaneous visual perspective taking task to specify the role of response coding. We observed compatibility effects that were based on the avatar’s perspective rather than the participants’ own. Because number magnitude was independent of the avatar’s perspective, the observed changes in compatibility caused by different perspectives indicate changes in response coding. These changes in response coding are only significant when they are accompanied by visual action effects.

scholarly journals No evidence for automatic response activation with target onset in the avatar-compatibility task

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 1249-1262 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Böffel ◽  
J. Müsseler
Keyword(s):  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Spatial Compatibility ◽  
Response Compatibility ◽  
Stimulus Response ◽  
Automatic Response ◽  
Dual Route ◽  
Stimulus Response Compatibility ◽  
Response Activation

Abstract When people take the perspective of an avatar and perform a stimulus-response compatibility task, they generally show the same compatibility effects that are expected from the avatar’s position instead of their own. In this study, we investigated if these effects are caused by automatic response activation, a concept featured in dual-route models of stimulus-response compatibility. In two experiments we asked 24 participants each to perform a compatibility task from an avatar’s point of view. We introduced a delay between the presentation of the target and the avatar in half of the trials so that the participants had to wait until the avatar appeared to select the correct response. Because the automatic response activation is known to decay quickly, its influence is eliminated in this condition. In contrast to the prediction by the automatic response activation account, we observed a larger compatibility effect in the delayed condition with orthogonal (Experiment 1) and parallel (Experiment 2) stimulus-response pairings. Additionally, distributional analyses of the compatibility effects did not support the automaticity predictions. We conclude that these results call into question the role of automatic response activation for spatial compatibility in general and perspective-based compatibility effects in particular.

The Role of Feedback in Learning Spatially Incompatible Choice Reaction Tasks: Does it Have one?

1993 ◽  
Vol 37 (19) ◽  
pp. 1320-1324
Author(s):  
Addie Dutta ◽  
Robert W. Proctor
Keyword(s):  
Compatibility Effect ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Response Compatibility ◽  
Stimulus Response ◽  
Response Deadline ◽  
Extended Practice ◽  
Stimulus Response Compatibility ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Speed Accuracy

Stimulus-response compatibility effects have been shown to persist even after extended practice. In the present study, two experiments were conducted to see if the effects persist when knowledge of results that allows subjects to set performance goals is provided. In the first experiment, summary feedback about mean accuracy and mean reaction time was provided after each block of 40 trials of practice in a two-choice spatial compatibility task. Subjects practiced the task for 2,400 trials, yet the compatibility effect was not eliminated. Compared to previous experiments, reaction times were faster overall, but the degree of change was the same for both compatible and incompatible assignments. In the second experiment, a response deadline was imposed on each trial. If the subject did not respond within the time limit, which was reduced as the experiment progressed, auditory feedback was presented. Summary feedback was also presented as in Experiment 1. Again, 2,400 trials of practice reduced but did not eliminate the compatibility effect. The greater reduction in the difference in reaction times for compatible and incompatible assignments, relative to other experiments, could be attributed to speed-accuracy tradeoff. The results indicate that the persistence of stimulus-response compatibility effects with extended practice is not due to poorer motivation to perform with the incompatible assignment. The results suggest that training will be insufficient to overcome difficulties in performance resulting from spatially incompatible assignments.

Stimulus-Response Compatibility and Videogame Performance

1995 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 691-698
Author(s):  
R. Michael Bronw ◽  
Debbie Delong ◽  
Norma L. Brown ◽  
Kathy Reid
Keyword(s):  
Visual Target ◽  
Moving Target ◽  
Response Compatibility ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Response Device ◽  
Stimulus Response ◽  
Stimulus Response Compatibility ◽  
Game Condition ◽  
The Right

We investigated the role of stimulus-response compatibility in influencing manual reactions to a moving visual target in a videogame (pong). 40 right-handed university men were assigned randomly to one of two experimental conditions, the normal game condition or a reverse control condition in which the response device on the right controls the left game paddle and the device on the left controls the right paddle. Subjects in the normal condition performed marginally better playing pong when seated on the right than when seated on the left, consistent with earlier findings. However, subjects in the reverse control condition showed the reverse effect, a leftside advantage. These findings suggest that compatibility between location of the moving target (the ball) and either handedness or hand used to respond may have been responsible for the right-side advantage observed in the normal-game condition.

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