Prevalence of incontinence, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and oppositional defiant disorder in preschool children

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 837-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justine Niemczyk ◽  
Monika Equit ◽  
Katrin Braun-Bither ◽  
Anna-Maria Klein ◽  
Alexander von Gontard
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Oppositional Defiant Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Oppositional Defiant

Autonomic correlates of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and oppositional defiant disorder in preschool children.

2006 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila E. Crowell ◽  
Theodore P. Beauchaine ◽  
Lisa Gatzke-Kopp ◽  
Patrick Sylvers ◽  
Hilary Mead ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Oppositional Defiant Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Oppositional Defiant

scholarly journals Callous-unemotional traits in Chinese preschool children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinsong Zhang ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Huifeng Zhang ◽  
Amanda Wilson ◽  
Lan Shuai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Incremental Validity ◽  
Behavioural Problems ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Cu Traits ◽  
Callous Unemotional ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Callous Unemotional Traits

Abstract Background Children with early onset of Callous-Unemotional (CU) traits are at a higher risk for long-term, persistent psychosocial problems. The current study aimed to explore the characteristics of CU in preschool children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and the diagnostic significance of CU traits in ADHD. Methods A total of 176 preschool children (89 with ADHD and 87 Typically Developing Children [TDC]) aged 4–5 years old were recruited to the study. The participants were assessed for CU traits, emotional and behavioral problems, and how their executive functioning was associated with ADHD using multiple assessment scales. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to assess the incremental validity of the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits (ICU), adjusting for possible covariates by child’s sex, conduct problems, and oppositional defiant symptoms. Results The results showed that there was a significant difference of ICU scores between the ADHD and TDC groups (F = 30.12, P < 0.001). In terms of callousness, ADHD + Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) group showed a significant high score, and the ADHD only group scored significantly higher than the TDC group (F = 20.42, P < 0.001). The ICU was negatively associated with the prosocial behaviour subscale (γ = − 0.57, P < 0.01) and showed low to moderate positive correlations with emotional and behavioural problems, as well as executive function (γ = 0.24–0.67, P < 0.05). The ICU scores explained 6% of the incremental validity in ADHD symptoms. The diagnostic value of the ICU for ADHD was medium and acceptable. Conclusions The current study indicated that early identification of CU traits may help clinicians better understand symptoms and behavioural problems in children with ADHD. CU traits therefore could be considered as a useful assessment tool for ADHD.

Oppositional Defiant Disorder and Its Clinical Management

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Croarkin ◽  
Reem Shafi
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Oppositional Defiant Disorder ◽  
Treatment Planning ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Mood Dysregulation

Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is a psychiatric disorder classified in the DSM-5 among disruptive, impulse control, and conduct disorder. The core features of ODD include a pervasive and impairing pattern of anger, irritability, inflexibility, defiance, malevolence, and aggression. Symptoms of ODD typically present during preschool. ODD can be a harbinger of conduct disorder. Isolated, transient symptoms of ODD are normal during development. Mood disorders, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and neurodevelopmental disorders are important considerations in differential diagnosis. However, ODD frequently co-occurs with other psychiatric diagnoses. Complex interactions with temperamental emotional dysregulation, family stress, early life stress, inconsistent parenting, and genetic and physiologic factors likely underlie the risk, pathophysiology, and prognosis of ODD. Unfortunately, these interactions and the neurobiological underpinnings of ODD are still poorly characterized. Although first-line treatments for ODD involve behavioral and psychosocial interventions, a thoughtful consideration of pharmacotherapy for co-occurring disorders and severe symptoms is an important component of treatment planning. Herein we review the epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology, diagnostic evaluation, and treatment planning of ODD. Recent applicable controversies such as dimensional conceptualization of psychiatric disorders and the potential intersection of ODD and disruptive mood dysregulation disorder are also summarized.  This review contains 5 figures, 4 tables, and 44 references. Key words: aggression, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorder, defiance, disruptive behaviors, disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, DSM-5, irritability, oppositional defiant disorder, parent management training

scholarly journals Atomoxetine in the Treatment of the Most Common Comorbid Disorders of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Oppositional Defiant Disorder and Anxiety Disorders

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 28-38
Author(s):  
E. Snircova ◽  
T. Kulhan ◽  
G. Nosalova ◽  
I. Ondrejka
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Oppositional Defiant Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Psychosocial Impairment ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Psychiatric Problems

Abstract Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in childhood or adolescence is associated with a significantly higher lifetime risk of oppositional defiant disorder, anxiety disorder, conduct disorder, among others. Reports of co-morbidity rates are variable and influenced by assesment methodology and refferal bias, and may reflect lifetime rates within clinical groups. Up-to date studies revealed that as many as 85% of patients with ADHD have at least one psychiatric comorbidity and approximately 60% have at least two. Research and clinical practice has shown that having multiple co-existing psychiatric problems increase the severity of ADHD and behavioural problems, and is associated with incereased psychosocial impairment. The high rate of psychiatric problems co-occuring with ADHD has strong implications for the management of these patients. The presence of co-existing psychiatric conditions may moderate the response to treatment of ADHD and ADHD treatments may adversely affect and exacerbate the symptoms of the co-morbit condition. The aim of this article was to summarize the use of atomoxetine in the most frequent co-morbid disorders accompaining ADHD, ODD (oppositional defiant disorder) and anxiety, and to emphazise decrease of co-morbid symptoms with treatment of atomoxetine what exhort us to think about them as about possible subtypes of ADHD.

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