A supportive school environment may reduce the risk of non-medical prescription opioid use due to impaired mental health among students

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Probst ◽  
Tara Elton-Marshall ◽  
Sameer Imtiaz ◽  
Karen A. Patte ◽  
Jürgen Rehm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Medical Prescription ◽  
Prescription Opioid Use

scholarly journals The unique nature of public stigma toward non‐medical prescription opioid use and dependence: a national study

Addiction ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 115 (12) ◽  
pp. 2317-2326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brea L. Perry ◽  
Bernice A. Pescosolido ◽  
Anne C. Krendl
Keyword(s):  
National Study ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Public Stigma ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Medical Prescription ◽  
Unique Nature ◽  
Prescription Opioid Use

Non-medical prescription opioid use among US youth: 2015-2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 498-505
Author(s):  
R. Andrew Yockey ◽  
Keith A. King ◽  
Rebecca A. Vidourek
Keyword(s):  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Medical Prescription ◽  
Prescription Opioid Use

A Longitudinal Behavioral Economic Analysis of Non-medical Prescription Opioid Use Among College Students

2017 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidia Z. Meshesha ◽  
Alison M. Pickover ◽  
Jenni B. Teeters ◽  
James G. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Medical Prescription ◽  
Behavioral Economic ◽  
Prescription Opioid Use

scholarly journals Identifying a Need for Mental Health Services Posthospitalization in Adolescent Trauma Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Hochstetler ◽  
Ashley Vetor ◽  
Jodi Raymond ◽  
Hannah Bozell ◽  
Teresa Bell
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Pain Severity ◽  
Pain Interference ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Prescription Opioid Use

Background: Nearly 150,000 children were hospitalized due to an injury in 2018. Hospitalized patients are often prescribed opioids and as a result, one in eight adolescents will continue using opioids twelve months after hospitalization. Predictors of sustained opioid use and future misuse posthospitalization have yet to be studied in adolescents. One of these predictors may be mental health disorders following hospitalization. It is known mental health disorders can lead to substance use disorders if not addressed properly. In this study we examined the associations between injury severity, mental health, and substance use among adolescents.     Methods: Patients between 12 to 18 years old admitted for trauma were surveyed upon enrollment, and subsequently at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months posthospitalization. These surveys measured anxiety, depression, posttraumatic stress, prescription and non-prescription drug use, pain severity and pain interference.   Results: At enrollment and one-month posthospitalization, higher pain interference was associated with anxiety (p=.003), depression (p<.001), and PTSD (p=.004). Increased pain severity was also associated with higher PTSD (p=.003) However, at three months, pain severity and interference were only associated with PTSD (p=.005, p=.009). Frequent alcohol use and higher PTSD were found to be statistically significant at six and twelve months (p=.02). Regular prescription opioid use was related to higher anxiety (p=.048) and depression (p=.048) only at enrollment and higher PTSD only at one month (p=.034). Prescription opioid use was not associated with pain severity and interference at enrollment but was found significant at one month (p=.016, p=.36).    Conclusion: Adolescents who reported higher pain severity and interference also more commonly had mental health disorders such as PTSD, anxiety, and depression. Higher PTSD scores and frequent alcohol use were also related post-injury. Screening for mental health after hospitalization should be further investigated in identifying adolescents who may be at risk for future opioid use disorders. 

scholarly journals Nonmedical Prescription Opioid Use and Mental Health and Pain Comorbidities: A Narrative Review

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (8) ◽  
pp. 495-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica Amari ◽  
Jürgen Rehm ◽  
Elliot Goldner ◽  
Benedikt Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Prescription Opioid Use

scholarly journals Mood and anxiety disorders and their association with non-medical prescription opioid use and prescription opioid-use disorder: longitudinal evidence from the National Epidemiologic Study on Alcohol and Related Conditions

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 1261-1272 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Martins ◽  
M. C. Fenton ◽  
K. M. Keyes ◽  
C. Blanco ◽  
H. Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Medical Prescription ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Prescription Opioid Use

BackgroundNon-medical use of prescription opioids represents a national public health concern of growing importance. Mood and anxiety disorders are highly associated with non-medical prescription opioid use. The authors examined longitudinal associations between non-medical prescription opioid use and opioid disorder due to non-medical opioid use and mood/anxiety disorders in a national sample, examining evidence for precipitation, self-medication and general shared vulnerability as pathways between disorders.MethodData were drawn from face-to-face surveys of 34 653 adult participants in waves 1 and 2 of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Logistic regression models explored the temporal sequence and evidence for the hypothesized pathways.ResultsBaseline lifetime non-medical prescription opioid use was associated with incidence of any mood disorder, major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder, any anxiety disorder and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD in wave 2, adjusted for baseline demographics, other substance use, and co-morbid mood/anxiety disorders). Lifetime opioid disorder was not associated with any incident mood/anxiety disorders. All baseline lifetime mood disorders and GAD were associated with incident non-medical prescription opioid use at follow-up, adjusted for demographics, co-morbid mood/anxiety disorders, and other substance use. Baseline lifetime mood disorders, MDD, dysthymia and panic disorder were associated with incident opioid disorder due to non-medical prescription opioid use at follow-up, adjusted for the same covariates.ConclusionsThese results suggest that precipitation, self-medication as well as shared vulnerability are all viable pathways between non-medical prescription opioid use and opioid disorder due to non-medical opioid use and mood/anxiety disorders.

scholarly journals Non-medical prescription opioid use predicts injection initiation among street-involved youth

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 96-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kora DeBeck ◽  
Evan Wood ◽  
Huiru Dong ◽  
Sabina Dobrer ◽  
Kanna Hayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Medical Prescription ◽  
Injection Initiation ◽  
Prescription Opioid Use
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