scholarly journals Assimilation of Radar and Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Data Using WRF-3DVar Combined with the Physical Initialization Method—A Case Study of a Mesoscale Convective System

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-342
Author(s):  
Ruhui Gan ◽  
Yi Yang ◽  
Qian Xie ◽  
Erliang Lin ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mesoscale Convective System ◽  
Convective System ◽  
Mesoscale Convective ◽  
Cloud To Ground Lightning ◽  
Physical Initialization

scholarly journals Comprehensive Analysis of a Coast Thunderstorm That Produced a Sprite over the Bohai Sea

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 718
Author(s):  
Cong Pan ◽  
Jing Yang ◽  
Kun Liu ◽  
Yu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Bohai Sea ◽  
Mesoscale Convective System ◽  
Convective System ◽  
Return Stroke ◽  
Absolute Value ◽  
Transient Luminous Events ◽  
Stratiform Region ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Mesoscale Convective ◽  
Cloud To Ground Lightning

Sprites are transient luminous events (TLEs) that occur over thunderstorm clouds that represent the direct coupling relationship between the troposphere and the upper atmosphere. We report the evolution of a mesoscale convective system (MCS) that produced only one sprite event, and the characteristics of this thunderstorm and the related lightning activity are analyzed in detail. The results show that the parent flash of the sprite was positive cloud-to-ground lightning (+CG) with a single return stroke, which was located in the trailing stratiform region of the MCS with a radar reflectivity of 25 to 35 dBZ. The absolute value of the negative CG (−CG) peak current for half an hour before and after the occurrence of the sprite was less than 50 kA, which was not enough to produce the sprite. Sprites tend to be produced early in the maturity-to-dissipation stage of the MCS, with an increasing percentage of +CG to total CG (POP), indicating that the sprite production was the attenuation of the thunderstorm and the area of the stratiform region.

Case Study of a Severe Mesoscale Convective System in Central Arizona

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 643-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren M. McCollum ◽  
Robert A. Maddox ◽  
Kenneth W. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Mesoscale Convective System ◽  
Convective System ◽  
Mesoscale Convective ◽  
Central Arizona

scholarly journals Assimilation of Chinese Doppler Radar and Lightning Data Using WRF-GSI: A Case Study of Mesoscale Convective System

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Yang ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Kefeng Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Doppler Radar ◽  
Mesoscale Convective System ◽  
Cumulus Parameterization ◽  
Convective System ◽  
Microphysics Scheme ◽  
Precipitation Prediction ◽  
Mesoscale Convective ◽  
Cloud To Ground Lightning ◽  
Grid Points ◽  
Temperature Tendency

The radar-enhanced GSI (version 3.1) system and the WRF-ARW (version 3.4.1) model were modified to assimilate radar/lightning-proxy reflectivity. First, cloud-to-ground lightning data were converted to reflectivity using a simple assumed relationship between flash density and reflectivity. Next, the reflectivity was used in the cloud analysis of GSI to adjust the cloud/hydrometeors and moisture. Additionally, the radar/lightning-proxy reflectivity was simultaneously converted to a 3D temperature tendency. Finally, the model-calculated temperature tendencies from the explicit microphysics scheme, as well as cumulus parameterization at 3D grid points at which the radar temperature tendency is available, were updated in a forward full-physics step of diabatic digital filter initialization in the WRF-ARW. The WRF-GSI system was tested using a mesoscale convective system that occurred on June 5, 2009, and by assimilating Doppler radar and lightning data, respectively. The forecasted reflectivity with assimilation corresponded more closely to the observed reflectivity than that of the parallel experiment without assimilation, particularly during the first 6 h. After assimilation, the short-range precipitation prediction improved, although the precipitation intensity was stronger than the observed one. In addition, the improvements obtained by assimilating lightning data were worse than those from assimilating radar reflectivity over the first 3 h but improved thereafter.

scholarly journals The origin and course of severe thunderstorm outbreaks in Poland on 10 and 11 August, 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-39
Author(s):  
Sławomir Sulik ◽  
Marek Kejna
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Mesoscale Convective System ◽  
Radar Data ◽  
Lightning Strike ◽  
Convective System ◽  
Upward Movement ◽  
Severe Thunderstorm ◽  
Mesoscale Convective ◽  
Cloud To Ground Lightning ◽  
Map Analysis

AbstractThis study documents the evolution of severe thunderstorm outbreaks that occurred on 10 and 11 August, 2017 in Poland. This study used cloud-to-ground lightning-strike data from the PERUN lightning detection network managed by the Polish Institute of Meteorology and Water Management – National Research Institute. In the description of storm phenomena the authors also applied synoptic maps, meteorological radar data, vertical atmosphere soundings and meteorological data from the station in Poland. The aim of this study was to trace the causes of the upward movement of supercells including the Mesoscale Convective System day by day, and to examine relationships between lighting distributions on 10 and 11 August, 2017. In Poland, on August 10, 2017, 154,524 cloud-to-ground flashes (CG) occurred, and 56,510 CG flashes the next day. On August 10, around 18% of all flashes had a positive current, but 29% the next day. The spatial distribution of the lightning in Poland was computed for 10×10-km grid cells. Based on the map analysis it was found that on those two days most of the positive flashes occurred in Greater Poland and Kuyavian-Pomeranian voivodeships, as well as on the border of Opolskie and Lower Silesia.

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