Prediction of sustained antihypertensive efficacy of chronic captopril therapy: Relationships to immediate blood pressure response and control plasma renin activity

1. Changes in plasma renin activity, plasma noradrenaline and adrenaline, and blood pressure were evaluated after mild haemorrhage (6 ml/kg) and subsequent intravenous captopril in conscious, restrained rabbits. Two protocols were followed. In the first, control animals (n = 8) were compared with rabbits receiving indomethacin (n = 8) in their drinking water for 5 days and intravenously during the haemorrhage and captopril study. In the second protocol, animals receiving propranolol in the drinking water and intravenously (n = 7) were compared with a group (n = 7) receiving propranolol plus indomethacin. 2. Urinary prostaglandin E excretion was decreased significantly with the oral administration of indomethacin in both protocols. Plasma renin activity levels were not significantly different at baseline, but the animals receiving indomethacin had significantly (P < 005) lower values after haemorrhage in both studies. The large increases in plasma renin activity after captopril were not influenced by indomethacin in either study. 3. The blood pressure response to captopril was significantly blunted in the indomethacin group in the first experiment. 4. Plasma noradrenaline and adrenaline levels were not affected by indomethacin treatment in either protocol. 5. It is concluded that the plasma renin activity response to haemorrhage in conscious rabbits is mediated in part by a cyclo-oxygenase-dependent component separable from the β-adrenoceptor. The renin response to converting enzyme inhibition is not influenced by cyclo-oxygenase inhibition. A component of the blood pressure response to captopril may involve a cyclo-oxygenase product.

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Reduced Plasma Renin Activity in Essential Hypertension: Effects of Blood Pressure, Age and Sodium

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs051185s ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 51 (s3) ◽

pp. 185s-188s ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

G. W. Thomas ◽

J. G. G. Ledingham ◽

L. J. Beilin ◽

A. N. Stott

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Essential Hypertension ◽

Plasma Renin Activity ◽

Inverse Relationship ◽

Plasma Renin ◽

Renin Activity ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

Significant Inverse Relationship ◽

Control Subjects ◽

And Control

1. Supine plasma renin activity and its responsiveness to erect posture and frusemide were reduced in fifty-one patients with essential hypertension, compared with fifty-one age- and sex-matched control subjects. 2. Twenty-four hour urinary sodium excretion was similar in hypertensive patients and control subjects, but after intravenous frusemide hypertensive patients excreted significantly less sodium. 3. A significant inverse relationship between plasma renin activity and diastolic blood pressure was demonstrated in hypertensive patients and in normotensive control subjects. 4. A significant inverse relationship between plasma renin activity and age, independent of blood pressure, was shown in hypertensive patients and control subjects. 5. It is concluded that the reduced renin values found in essential hypertension are, in part, the result of the elevated blood pressure acting on the kidney.

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Metabolomics Signature of Plasma Renin Activity and Linkage with Blood Pressure Response to Beta Blockers and Thiazide Diuretics in Hypertensive European American Patients

Metabolites ◽

10.3390/metabo11090645 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 645

Author(s):

Mai Mehanna ◽

Caitrin W. McDonough ◽

Steven M. Smith ◽

Yan Gong ◽

John G. Gums ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Plasma Renin Activity ◽

Blood Pressure Response ◽

Beta Blockers ◽

Plasma Renin ◽

Predictive Biomarker ◽

Renin Activity ◽

European American ◽

Using Data ◽

Metabolic Signatures

Plasma renin activity (PRA) is a predictive biomarker of blood pressure (BP) response to antihypertensives in European–American hypertensive patients. We aimed to identify the metabolic signatures of baseline PRA and the linkages with BP response to β-blockers and thiazides. Using data from the Pharmacogenomic Evaluation of Antihypertensive Responses-2 (PEAR-2) trial, multivariable linear regression adjusting for age, sex and baseline systolic-BP (SBP) was performed on European–American individuals treated with metoprolol (n = 198) and chlorthalidone (n = 181), to test associations between 856 metabolites and baseline PRA. Metabolites with a false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05 or p < 0.01 were tested for replication in 463 European–American individuals treated with atenolol or hydrochlorothiazide. Replicated metabolites were then tested for validation based on the directionality of association with BP response. Sixty-three metabolites were associated with baseline PRA, of which nine, including six lipids, were replicated. Of those replicated, two metabolites associated with higher baseline PRA were validated: caprate was associated with greater metoprolol SBP response (β = −1.7 ± 0.6, p = 0.006) and sphingosine-1-phosphate was associated with reduced hydrochlorothiazide SBP response (β = 7.6 ± 2.8, p = 0.007). These metabolites are clustered with metabolites involved in sphingolipid, phospholipid, and purine metabolic pathways. The identified metabolic signatures provide insights into the mechanisms underlying BP response.

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Effects of Acupuncture on Blood Pressure and Plasma Renin Activity in Two-Kidney One Clip Goldblatt Hypertensive Rats

The American Journal of Chinese Medicine ◽

10.1142/s0192415x94000279 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 22 (03n04) ◽

pp. 215-219 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Ho Sub Lee ◽

Jung Yoo Kim

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Plasma Renin Activity ◽

Renin Angiotensin System ◽

Plasma Renin ◽

Hemodynamic Effect ◽

Renin Activity ◽

Hypertensive Rats ◽

Angiotensin System ◽

Renin Angiotensin ◽

And Control

Shih-Hsüan [Sipseon(EX-UE-11)] are Curious loci lying outside of the meridians on the tips of each finger. These loci have long been the acupuncture sites for the treatment of cardiovascular disease in oriental medicine. Alterations in the renin-angiotensin system have been considered as the pathophysiological basis of the origin and/or maintenance of hypertension. Activation of the plasma or tissue renin-angiotensin system may be one of the cause of hypertension. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the effects of acupuncture on blood pressure and plasma renin activity. Acupuncture was applied on the EX-UE-11 of two-kidney one clip Goldblatt hypertensive rats. Both the systolic blood pressure and the plasma renin activity decreased significantly after treatment with acupuncture on the EX-UE-11. In the sham-operated and control rats, the procedure influenced the parameters without significant changes. The results suggest that the suppressive hemodynamic effect of acupuncture on the EX-UE-11 may be related to changes in plasma renin activity.

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