Stagflation, persistent unemployment and the permanence of economic shocks

1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Brunner ◽  
Alex Cukierman ◽  
Allan H. Meltzer
2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-504
Author(s):  
Karl Brunner ◽  
Alex Cukierman ◽  
Allan H. Meltzer

When changes occur, people do not know how long they will persist. Using a simple stochastic structure that incorporates temporary and permanent changes in an augmented IS-LM model, we show that rising prices and rising unemployment – stagflation – is likely to follow a large permanent reduction to productivity. All markets clear and all expectations are rational. People learn gradually the permanent values which the economy will reach following a permanent shock and gradually adjust anticipations. In our model, optimally perceived permanent values take the form of a Koyck lag of past observations.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8441
Author(s):  
Michal Hrivnák ◽  
Peter Moritz ◽  
Marcela Chreneková

The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed new aspects of sustainable entrepreneurship and the resilience of SMEs in the conditions of individual countries. This empirical study contributes to entrepreneurship sustainability literature and business resilience literature by estimating the impact of various utilized internal crisis management tools and state compensation measures on retaining the pre-crisis levels of employment after two waves of the pandemic on the conditions of a V4 country. The study adopts an econometric approach towards assessing the influence of key factors of mitigating the problems caused by the pandemic, and the results suggest a crucial role of digitalization, internal policies optimizing variable costs, and utilization of direct governmental supportive measures to compensate for restrictions in force for employment retention in knowledge-intensive SMEs. According to the results, knowledge-intensive SMEs appears to have increased resilience towards economic shocks due to the capability to swiftly change the management of ventures to adapt to a crisis.


2016 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 263-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darwin Cortés ◽  
Julieth Santamaría ◽  
Juan F. Vargas
Keyword(s):  

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