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Author(s):  
أزهار محمد محمد عبد البر

The aim of the research is to identify the personal characteristics of the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him. The research sample consisted of 360 individuals from different spectrums in society. The descriptive and analytical method was used, and a questionnaire was prepared for the personal characteristics of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and a questionnaire of the moral and human values in the contemporary world. : The personal characteristics of the Prophet Muhammad were as follows: The Prophet Muhammad, upon him be prayers and peace, was characterized by sincerity, honesty and generosity among his companions. He was characterized by humility, justice, forgiveness and pardon. He was characterized by sincerity in secret, openness and mercy for children. He was never afraid of anyone as long as he was right and his courage increased after the prophetic mission, from the human and moral values that have been agreed upon in the contemporary world: love and defense of the homeland, preservation of sacred places, love for school and appreciation of teachers, rationalization of the use of water and electricity, appreciation of scientific progress Generous hospitality, advising others, visiting patients, appreciating professions and respecting their owners, being kind to others, maintaining order, maintaining the law and respecting rights Child, animal welfare, justice, loyalty, patience, honesty, humility and respect for the rights of others, sympathy for the poor, selflessness, sincerity in work, tolerance for others, seeking lawful earnings, suppressing anger, kindness to animals, generosity, avoiding bad behaviors, Hide anger and do good deeds, love beauty, arts and inventions, appreciate scientific progress, provide advice to others, and the research also found that there is a positive and statistically significant relationship between the personal characteristics of the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him and between the human and moral values in the contemporary world.


BMC Genomics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenna Swetha ◽  
Anushree Narjala ◽  
Awadhesh Pandit ◽  
Varsha Tirumalai ◽  
P. V. Shivaprasad

Abstract Background Small non-coding (s)RNAs are involved in the negative regulation of gene expression, playing critical roles in genome integrity, development and metabolic pathways. Targeting of RNAs by ribonucleoprotein complexes of sRNAs bound to Argonaute (AGO) proteins results in cleaved RNAs having precise and predictable 5` ends. While tools to study sliced bits of RNAs to confirm the efficiency of sRNA-mediated regulation are available, they are sub-optimal. In this study, we provide an improvised version of a tool with better efficiency to accurately validate sRNA targets. Results Here, we improvised the CleaveLand tool to identify additional micro (mi)RNA targets that belong to the same family and also other targets within a specified free energy cut-off. These additional targets were otherwise excluded during the default run. We employed these tools to understand the sRNA targeting efficiency in wild and cultivated rice, sequenced degradome from two rice lines, O. nivara and O. sativa indica Pusa Basmati-1 and analyzed variations in sRNA targeting. Our results indicate the existence of multiple miRNA-mediated targeting differences between domesticated and wild species. For example, Os5NG4 was targeted only in wild rice that might be responsible for the poor secondary wall formation when compared to cultivated rice. We also identified differential mRNA targets of secondary sRNAs that were generated after miRNA-mediated cleavage of primary targets. Conclusions We identified many differentially targeted mRNAs between wild and domesticated rice lines. In addition to providing a step-wise guide to generate and analyze degradome datasets, we showed how domestication altered sRNA-mediated cascade silencing during the evolution of indica rice.


Nutrients ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 337
Author(s):  
Yurie Mikami ◽  
Keiko Motokawa ◽  
Maki Shirobe ◽  
Ayako Edahiro ◽  
Yuki Ohara ◽  
...  

One prominent factor associated with malnutrition is poor appetite. In Japan, the number of older adults living alone has increased annually. Those living alone tended to eat alone, which may lead to poor appetite. This study aimed to investigate the association between eating alone and poor appetite using an index called the Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ). We surveyed 818 people aged 70 and over in Takashimadaira, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan, in 2016. Comparisons were made between two groups, a poor appetite group (n = 295) and a good appetite group (n = 523), and results indicate that the poor appetite group had a higher rate of eating alone than the good appetite group (38.0% vs. 20. 1%: p < 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression (OR; 95%CI) was performed and poor appetite was significantly associated with the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) score (1.707; 1.200–2.427), the number of medications (1.061; 1.007–1.118), JST score (0.894; 0.841–0.950), the indication of “very healthy” on a self-rated health scale (0.343; 0.152–0.774), and reports of eating alone (1.751; 1.130–2.712). Our results suggest that eating alone is associated with a poor appetite.


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Peng ◽  
Danhua Zhang

Objective: The present research set out to ascertain the roles of CCL21 and CBS in breast cancer (BC) cell biological behaviors and the relationship of CCL21 and CBS expression with the clinicopathological features of patients with BC. Methods: Immunohistochemistry of CCL21 or CBS was performed in 18 intraductal cancer tissues, 124 invasive BC tissues, 50 paraneoplastic tissues, 50 lobular hyperplasia tissues, and 30 normal breast tissues. For cell experiments, two human BC cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7) and a human breast epithelial cell line (MCF-10A) were utilized to detect the expression of CCL21 and CBS. After loss- and gain-of-function assays for CCL21 or CBS, the expression of CBS and CCL21 was measured by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Additionally, BC cell proliferation was assessed by MTT assay and EdU staining, and BC cell migration was determined by scratch test and Transwell assay. Results: In the clinical data, the positive rate of CCL21 or CBS was significantly higher in invasive BC tissues than in intraductal BC tissues, lobular hyperplasia tissues, paraneoplastic tissues, and normal breast tissues (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). CBS or CCL21 expression shared close association with the clinicopathological characteristic and the poor prognosis of BC patients. In cell experiments, overexpression of CCL21 or CBS enhanced the proliferative and migratory abilities of BC cells. Conclusion: CCL21 and CBS promoted BC cell migration and proliferation. CCL21 or CBS expression was strongly related to the poor prognosis of BC patients.


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Timofeeva ◽  
Daria Shtan'ko ◽  
Balzhima Shagdarova ◽  
Anton Zakurin ◽  
Anastasiya Kamionskaya ◽  
...  

Chitosan is a well-known subjectof researchbecause of its beneficial properties, including its antibacterial and fungicidal activity, as well as its effect on plant physiology. One of the maindifficulties in agricultural chitosan implementation is the poor solubility of high molecular chitosan in water. Reducing themolecular weight of chitosan by acid hydrolysis increases its solubility. This research studied the effect of chitosan hydrolysate on the germination and development ofSolanum lycopersicum L. plants. Theeffects of chitosan hydrolysate on seed germination, shoot development in the first week of development and in the first month of development were evaluated. According to the results, high concentrations of chitosan hydrolysate completely inhibited seed germination. However, short-term treatment by high concentrations of chitosan hydrolysate stimulatedthe development of seedlings, leading to substantially longerroots. Regular root application of high concentrations of chitosan hydrolysate inhibited plant development. Keywords: chitosan hydrolysate, chitosan, plant growth regulators, plant germination


Author(s):  
Ildikó Husz ◽  
Marianna Kopasz ◽  
Márton Medgyesi

AbstractSocial workers may play an important role in the implementation of welfare policies targeted at the poor. Their norms, beliefs, and attitudes form local anti-poverty programmes and affect discretionary practices with their clients. Despite this, we know little about how social workers’ exposure to poverty shapes their attitudes towards poverty and their causal attributions for poverty. This study investigates social workers’ poverty explanations and the extent to which they depend on the level of local poverty. Data from a survey conducted among Hungarian social workers were analysed using multilevel linear regression models. To measure local poverty, we used a composite index of poverty, as well as a subjective measure of exposure to poverty. Our analysis revealed that most social workers explained poverty with structural causes, but individual blame was also frequent. Contrary to our hypothesis, the level of local poverty did not significantly increase the adoption of structural explanations but did raise the occurrence of individualistic ones. However, the effect of local poverty was non-linear: social workers tended to blame the poor for their poverty in the poorest municipalities, where multiple disadvantages are concentrated, while moderate poverty did not lead to such opinions. Our results suggest that efforts should be made to improve the poverty indicator framework to better understand the phenomenon of spatial concentration of multiple disadvantages and its consequences for the poor.


2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-129
Author(s):  
C.C. Fandjio Yonzoua ◽  
U.J.M. Pettang Nana ◽  
M.B. Manjiaa ◽  
C. Pettanga

Les différentes catastrophes survenues en milieu urbain au Cameroun récemment, mettent en exergue les désormais dangers permanents qui pèsent sur les habitants. On note une augmentation des extrêmes :  de hautes températures, des perturbations des régimes pluvieux et la récurrence des vents violents. Certains de ces effets sont amplifiés par la géographie contraignante de plusieurs villes et par l’influence anthropique sur l’environnement. En effet, d’une part les sites de plusieurs villes camerounaises ont soit des reliefs accidentés qui favorisent l’érosion des terrains, soit des configurations planes qui limitent l’évacuation gravitaire de l’eau de ruissellement. D’autre part, la croissance urbaine rapide et la prolifération des bidonvilles qui couvrent près de 65 à 70% de la superficie urbaine, usent plus rapidement les ouvrages et infrastructures d’assainissement urbaines lorsqu’ils existent dus à l’imperméabilisation accélérée et continue du sol urbain ainsi qu’à la mauvaise gestion des déchets. L’urgence de trouver des solutions durables à ce phénomène est désormais sans équivoque. Elle nécessite un encadrement normatif inclusif plus performant que celui actuellement en vigueur, qui amène le pays vers la résilience. The disasters that’ve occurred recently in urban areas in Cameroon, highlight the permanent dangers weighing on the inhabitants. There is an increase in extremes climate parameters: high temperatures, rainfall disturbances and the recurrence of gales. Some of these effects are amplified by both the constraining relief of several cities and human influence on the environment. In fact, on the one hand, the sites of several Cameroonian cities either have rugged reliefs that promote land erosion, or flat configurations that limit the gravity discharge of runoff water. On the other hand, the rapid urban growth and the proliferation of slums which cover nearly 65 to 70% of the urban area, wear out more quickly the works and urban sanitation infrastructures when they exist due to the accelerated and continuous waterproofing soil in addition to the poor waste management. The urgency to find lasting solutions to this phenomenon is now unequivocal. It requires an inclusive normative framework that is more effective than that currently in force, which brings the country towards resilience.


2022 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Kévin Fourteau ◽  
Pascal Hagenmuller ◽  
Jacques Roulle ◽  
Florent Domine

Abstract Heated needle probes provide the most convenient method to measure snow thermal conductivity. Recent studies have suggested that this method underestimates snow thermal conductivity; however the reasons for this discrepancy have not been elucidated. We show that it originates from the fact that, while the theory behind the method assumes that the measurements reach a logarithmic regime, this regime is not reached within the standard measurement procedure. Using the needle probe without this logarithmic regime leads to thermal conductivity underestimations of tens of percents. Moreover, we show that the poor thermal contact between the probe and the snow due to insertion damages results in a further underestimation. Thus, we encourage the use of fixed needle probes, set up before the snow season and buried under snowfalls, rather than hand-inserted probes. Finally, we propose a method to correct the measurements performed with such fixed needle probes buried in snow. This correction is based on a lookup table, derived specifically for the Hukseflux TP02 needle probe model, frequently used in snow studies. Comparison between corrected measurements and independent estimations of snow thermal conductivity obtained with numerical simulations shows an overall improvement of the needle probe values after application of the correction.


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