Disc Hemorrhages are Associated with Localized Three-Dimensional Neuroretinal Rim Thickness Progression in Open-Angle Glaucoma

There is a general consensus that elevation in intraocular pressure (IOP), due to a reduced outflow of aqueous humor, is a major factor leading to primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Studies indicated that the damage of the optic nervehead (ONH), due to the biomechanical environment in and around the lamina cribrosa (LC), could be an important event leading to POAG [Morgan]. Since experimentally testing tissues of such small dimensions is difficult, many researchers resorted to computationally model the biomechincal environment inside the eye [Avatar, Kobayashi, Sigal, Uchio, Xu, Tandon]. It also gives the flexibility to parametrically study and isolate the effects of individual tissues on the IOP and LC. Many of these studies involve stress analysis on a hypothetical geometry (for e.g. spherical or axisymmetric hemisphere) using a variety of constitutive models (for e.g. elastic, biphasic etc) to study the static, and dynamic response of the IOP [Tandon, Sigal].

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Three-dimensional evaluation of optic disc pallor in open angle glaucoma

Acta Ophthalmologica ◽

10.1111/j.1755-3768.1993.tb07140.x ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 71 (3) ◽

pp. 308-314

Author(s):

Mary Jo Sagaties ◽

Bernard Schwartz

Keyword(s):

Optic Disc ◽

Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Open Angle

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Assessment of the development of primary open-angle glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy using digital medicine

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202022403022 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 224 ◽

pp. 03022

Author(s):

I V Vorobyeva

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Optic Nerve ◽

Optic Nerve Head ◽

Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Low Vision ◽

Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Digital Data ◽

Open Angle ◽

Neuroretinal Rim ◽

Digital Medicine

The leading place in the structure of blindness and low vision is occupied by two diseases: primary open-angle glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy. The combination of two diseases in one eye gives an even more severe prognosis for vision. Modern diagnostic equipment helps in accurate and early diagnosis of the disease by analyzing digital data of the optic nerve head and macular area of the retina according to the results of an optical coherence tomograph. A mathematical model for predicting the development of diabetic retinopathy and primary open-angle glaucoma according to the proposed mathematical criteria has been developed. The criteria represent the ratio of the integral area of the neuroretinal rim to the integral volume of the neuroretinal rim; the retinal thickness criterion and criterion of the primary open-angle glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy are calculated. A computer program has been developed. The algorithm of the program, which includes windows for entering digital data of the macular zone and parameters of the optic nerve head, is presented. The result of the program is the statement of the risk of developing combined pathology of the fundus in a particular patient.

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The role of confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy in stereometric differentiation of eye papilla in ocular hypertension, normal tension glaucoma and primary open-angle glaucoma

Vojnosanitetski pregled ◽

10.2298/vsp120508033g ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 70 (3) ◽

pp. 304-308

Author(s):

Ranko Gvozdenovic ◽

Dusica Risovic ◽

Ivan Marjanovic ◽

Miroslav Stamenkovic ◽

Zorica Jokovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ocular Hypertension ◽

Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Normal Tension Glaucoma ◽

Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy ◽

Open Angle ◽

Neuroretinal Rim ◽

Confocal Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy ◽

Confocal Scanning ◽

Confocal Scanning Laser

Background/Aim. Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and normal tension glaucoma (NTG) demonstrate the same structural changes in the optic disc along with visual field defects but only POAG includes an abnormal elevation of intraocular pressure. Heidelberg retina tomograph based on confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (HRT) and Moorfields regression analysis (MRA) have been employed to quantitatively assess the topography of eye papilla. We measured stereographic parameters of eye papilla in patients with POAG, NTG, and ocular hypertension (OH) using an HRT in order to determine whether HRT topographic parameters can be used to differentiate those conditions. Methods. The results of 145 eyes of 145 patients with OH, NTG and POAG were analyzed by age, refractive error, quality of HRT images, stereometric and MRA parameters. Results. Significant differences were found between NTG and other two groups for a majority of the HRT parameters, and also no differences between OH and POAG patients for a majority of the investigated parameters, except thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer. By reading the MRA no differences were found in the distribution of mostly damaged and mostly preserved neuroretinal rim sectors between NTG and POAG patients, and also all sectors of the neuroretinal rim in OH patients were preserved. Conclusion. HRT stereometric parameters are useful to differentiate patients with OH and NTG, and also for differentiation between NTG and POAG patients, but most of parameters showed no difference between OH and POAG patients. MRA may serve to confirm the diagnosis of OH, but not for precise distinction between NTG and POAG.

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Morphometric characteristics of optic disc in patients with myopia and primary open-angle glaucoma

Vojnosanitetski pregled ◽

10.2298/vsp111229024g ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 70 (1) ◽

pp. 51-56 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ranko Gvozdenovic ◽

Dusica Risovic ◽

Ivan Marjanovic ◽

Dragan Vukovic ◽

Branislav Stankovic

Keyword(s):

High Myopia ◽

Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Ganglion Cells ◽

Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Optic Disk ◽

Open Angle ◽

Fiber Layer ◽

Neuroretinal Rim ◽

Damaged Zone ◽

Optic Discs

Background/Aim. Primary open-angle glaucoma is a multifactorial and progressive neuropathy, characterized by the acquired loss of ganglion cells of the retina and their axons. One of the risk factors for primary open-angle glaucoma is myopia over 5 diopters (D). The aim of our work was to investigate two groups of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and myopia by using confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy, and to find out if the size of refractive error influences optic disk morfometric characteristics. Methods. One hundred eyes of one hundred patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and myopia were involved in our study. All the patients were classified into two groups, the first one with myopia < 5 D, and the second one with myopia ? 5 D. The Heidelberg retina tomograph is a technique we used in our study. We analyzed morfometric parameters of patients optic discs, with the aim to find a correlation between the parameters in each group separeatly, and also to find differences between the same parameters from both groups. Results. There were significant differences in disc area, cup area, rim area and mean RNFL thickness between the two groups. The size of damage of neuroretinal rim in the group with high myopia was 27%, and in the group with lower myopia 14%. The most frequently damaged segment of neuroretinal rim in the patients with high myopia was nasal segment and in the patients with low myopia infero-temporal one. The least frequently damaged segment of neuroretinal rim in both groups was temporal one. Conclusion. Optic discs of glaucomatous patients with high myopia have bigger diameter, also bigger and more irregularly distributed damaged zone of neuroretinal rim, and also thinner retinal nerve fiber layer compared to glaucomatous patients with lower myopia.

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