scholarly journals Physical abuse of young children during the COVID-19 pandemic: Alarming increase in the relative frequency of hospitalizations during the lockdown period

2021 ◽  
Vol 122 ◽  
pp. 105299
Author(s):  
Mélanie Loiseau ◽  
Jonathan Cottenet ◽  
Sonia Bechraoui-Quantin ◽  
Séverine Gilard-Pioc ◽  
Yann Mikaeloff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Relative Frequency

Injuries Suggestive of Physical Abuse in Young Children With Subconjunctival Hemorrhages

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer E. Wolford ◽  
Rachel P. Berger ◽  
Adelaide L. Eichman ◽  
Daniel M. Lindberg
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Physical Abuse

scholarly journals Bilateral fibular fractures in a pre-ambulant infant

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 1629-1632
Author(s):  
Michael Paddock ◽  
David Horton ◽  
Amaka C. Offiah
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Long Bone Fractures ◽  
Metal Frame ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Abstract Multiple long-bone fractures, particularly bilateral fractures, are of moderate specificity for inflicted injury (physical abuse) in infants and young children. Bilateral healing fractures of the fibulae are rare and, depending on age, raise the suspicion of inflicted injury. We report healing undisplaced fractures of both fibulae, in almost identical positions, in a pre-ambulant infant. The caregivers reported that the infant repeatedly banged his legs against the metal frame of his playpen. A video of this mechanism was provided to the instructed radiology expert and showed that the point of impact of the infant’s legs against the metal frame was at a similar level to the radiographic abnormalities. This mechanism was therefore believed to be consistent with the injuries, resulting in a diagnosis of self-inflicted bilateral fibular fractures and not of inflicted injury.

Inter-rater reliability of physical abuse determinations in young children with fractures

2017 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 140-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine E. Buesser ◽  
John M. Leventhal ◽  
Julie R. Gaither ◽  
Victoria Tate ◽  
Daniel R. Cooperman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Rater Reliability

Multicentre study of physical abuse and limb fractures in young children in the East Anglia Region, UK

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (10) ◽  
pp. 956-961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piers D Mitchell ◽  
Richard Brown ◽  
Tengyao Wang ◽  
Rajen D Shah ◽  
Richard J Samworth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
High Standard ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Case Conference ◽  
East Anglia

ObjectiveTo determine if the detection of physical abuse in young children with fractures is of uniform high standard in the East Anglia Region of the UK, and whether we can identify areas for improvement in our detection of high-risk groups.DesignMulticentre retrospective 4-year study.Setting7 hospitals across the East Anglia Region of Britain (East Anglia Paediatric Physical Abuse and Fractures study).ParticipantsAge groups and fractures indicated as being at higher risk for physical abuse (all children under 12 months of age, and fractures of humerus and femur in children under 36 months of age).Outcome measuresOur criterion for physical abuse was the decision of a multiagency child protection case conference (CPCC).ResultsProbability of CPCC decision of physical abuse was highest in infants, ranging from 50% of fractures sustained in the first month of life (excluding obstetric injuries) to 10% at 12 months of age. Only 46%–86% of infants (under 12 months) with a fracture were assessed by a paediatrician for physical abuse after their fracture. Significant variation in the use of skeletal surveys and in CPCC decision of physical abuse was noted in children attending different hospitals.ConclusionsIt is a concern that significant variation between hospitals was found in the investigation and detection of physical abuse as confirmed by CPCC decisions. To minimise failure to detect true cases of physical abuse, we recommend that all high-risk children should be assessed by a paediatrician prior to discharge from the emergency department. Our proposed criteria for assessment (where we found probability of CPCC decision of physical abuse was at least 10%) are any child under the age of 12 months with any fracture, under 18 months of age with femur fracture and under 24 months with humeral shaft fracture (not supracondylar).

Physical and psychological maltreatment in middle childhood and adolescence

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia M. Crittenden ◽  
Angelika H. Claussen ◽  
David B. Sugarman
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Psychological Maltreatment ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
School Age ◽  
Developmental Problems ◽  
Severity Of Injury ◽  
Physical Neglect

AbstractAlthough maltreatment is known to have detrimental effects on socioemotional development, the relation of those effects to type of maltreatment and child age is not clear. Most studies either focus solely on physical abuse or do not differentiate among types of maltreatment. Furthermore, most concentrate on young children. Studies of psychological maltreatment in young children indicate that physical abuse and psychological maltreatment tend to co-occur, severity of injury is not related to severity of psychological maltreatment or to developmental problems, and severity of psychological maltreatment is related to developmental outcomes. The present study investigated (a) relations among types of physical and psychological maltreatment and (b) their effect on development in an ethnically diverse sample of maltreated school-age children and adolescents. The results indicated that, as in young children, physical and psychological maltreatment co-occurred in most cases. As with young children, severity of emotional abuse was related to severity of physical neglect in school-age children; among adolescents, however, it was related to severity of physical injury. Moreover, severity of emotional abuse was related to both behavior problems and depression. The differences between the patterns of effects for school-age children and those for adolescents are discussed, as are implications of the findings for intervention.

Predicting and responding to physical abuse in young children using NCANDS

2005 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 667-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent J. Palusci ◽  
Elliott G. Smith ◽  
Nigel Paneth
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Physical Abuse

Occult drug exposure in young children evaluated for physical abuse: An opportunity for intervention

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 ◽  
pp. 412-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hillary W. Petska ◽  
Kelsey Porada ◽  
Melodee Nugent ◽  
Pippa Simpson ◽  
Lynn K. Sheets
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Drug Exposure

Rhyme and alliteration in poems elicited from young children

1989 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Dowker
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Language Development ◽  
Phonological Awareness ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Learning To Read ◽  
Language Play

ABSTRACTAttempts were made to elicit poems from 133 children between the ages of 2 and 6. Seventy-eight of the children produced 606 poems between them. Sixty per cent of the poems contained phonological devices; 42% contained rhyme and 26% contained alliteration. There was no obvious age trend as regards the use of rhyme but the frequency of alliteration declined with age. There were no significant age differences as regards the relative frequency with which different phonemes were manipulated in rhyme and alliteration. The possible functions of such sound-based language play in language development are discussed, with special reference both to children's sound play in crib speech, and to the development of phonological awareness and its importance in learning to read.

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