Il4ra-independent vaginal eosinophil accumulation following helminth infection exacerbates epithelial ulcerative pathology of HSV-2 infection

SummaryEpidemiological modelling can be a useful tool for the evaluation of parasite control strategies. An age-structured epidemiological model of intestinal helminth dynamics is developed. This model includes the explicit representation of changing worm distributions between hosts as a result of treatment, and estimates the morbidity due to heavy infections. The model is used to evaluate the effectiveness of different programmes of age-targeted community chemotherapy in reducing the amount of morbidity due to helminth infection. The magnitude of age-related heterogeneities is found to be very important in determining the results of age-targeted treatment programmes. The model was verified using field data from control programmes for Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura, and was found to provide accurate predictions of prevalence and mean intensities of infection during and following different control regimes.

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Mechanisms of eosinophil accumulation around eggs ofSchistosoma japonicum: Role of two purified components, allergen and eosinophil chemotactic factor, from soluble egg antigens measured on sensitized guinea pig skin

Zeitschrift für Parasitenkunde Parasitology Research ◽

10.1007/bf00932570 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 76 (7) ◽

pp. 602-605 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Y. Horii ◽

M. Owhashi ◽

A. Ishii

Keyword(s):

Guinea Pig ◽

Chemotactic Factor ◽

Pig Skin ◽

Eosinophil Accumulation ◽

Eosinophil Chemotactic Factor

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Neither Primary nor Memory Immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection Is Compromised in Mice with Chronic Enteric Helminth Infection

Infection and Immunity ◽

10.1128/iai.03004-14 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 83 (3) ◽

pp. 1217-1223 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Wasiulla Rafi ◽

Kamlesh Bhatt ◽

William C. Gause ◽

Padmini Salgame

Keyword(s):

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽

T Regulatory Cells ◽

Helminth Infection ◽

Treg Cells ◽

Helminth Species ◽

Nippostrongylus Brasiliensis ◽

T Regulatory Cell ◽

Chronic Infections ◽

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection ◽

Content Type

Previously we had reported thatNippostrongylus brasiliensis, a helminth with a lung migratory phase, affected host resistance againstMycobacterium tuberculosisinfection through the induction of alternatively activated (M2) macrophages. Several helminth species do not have an obligatory lung migratory phase but establish chronic infections in the host that include potent immune downregulatory effects, in part mediated through induction of a FoxP3+T regulatory cell (Treg) response. Treg cells exhibit duality in their functions in host defense againstM. tuberculosisinfection since their depletion leads to enhanced priming of T cells in the lymph nodes and attendant improved control ofM. tuberculosisinfection, while their presence in the lung granuloma protects against excessive inflammation.Heligmosomoides polygyrusis a strictly murine enteric nematode that induces a strong FoxP3 Treg response in the host. Therefore, in this study we investigated whether host immunity toM. tuberculosisinfection would be modulated in mice with chronicH. polygyrusinfection. We report that neither primary nor memory immunity conferred byMycobacterium bovisBCG vaccination was affected in mice with chronic enteric helminth infection, despite a systemic increase in FoxP3+T regulatory cells. The findings indicate that anti-M. tuberculosisimmunity is not similarly affected by all helminth species and highlight the need to consider this inequality in human coinfection studies.

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